【目的】 分析青岛地区围产儿先天缺陷二级预防现状,为预防决策提供依据。 【方法】 采用青岛市出生缺陷三级监测网络信息,分析2009年4月1日-2010年3月31日全市住院引产和分娩的所有围产儿先天缺陷发生情况,分析二级预防措施对围产儿先天缺陷的影响。 【结果】 1)围产儿先天缺陷发生率为60.34/10⁴;2)围产儿先天缺陷发生前五位依次为先天性心脏病、总唇裂、多指(趾)、先天性脑积水(肢体短缩并列)、并指(趾);3)二级预防措施实施现状:缺陷儿的产前筛查率49.14%,B超筛查率88.20%,产前诊断率58.37%,产前检出率为63.95%;4)治疗性引产后围产儿先天缺陷发生率由60.34/10⁴下降为43.89/10⁴(χ²=20.14,P<0.01)。 【结论】 加强孕期保健,提高产前诊断技术,能有效降低缺陷儿出生。

【Objective】 To analyze status of secondary prevention of prenatal birth defects in Qingdao city, in order to provide the basis for the prevention decision. 【Methods】 The three-level monitor network information of birth defects in Qingdao city were used, to analyze the monitor situation during pregnancy and the occurrence status of prenatal birth defects, in order to identify the impact of the secondary prevention on prenatal birth defects. The whole prenatal neonates were delivered in hospital from April 1 of 2009 to March 31 of 2010. 【Results】 The rate of prenatal birth defects was 60.34/10⁴. The top five defects diseases were congenital heart disease, total harelip, polydactyly, congenital hydrocephalus(tied for limb reduction defect), and syndactyly. The present situation of implementation about secondary prevention was that the prenatal screening rate of prenatal birth defects was 49.14%, the screening rate of ultrasound was 88.20%, the prenatal diagnosis rate was 58.37%, the prenatal detection rate was 63.95%. After therapeutic abortion, the incidence of prenatal birth defects decreased from 60.34/10⁴ to 43.89/10⁴(χ²=20.14,P<0.01). 【Conclusions】 Strengthening the work of health care in gestation period and raising the technology of prenatal diagnosis can reduce the birth defects effectively.