【目的】 了解北京市流动儿童健康知识、态度和行为现状,完成对流动儿童学校健康教育的需求评估,为完善流动儿童学校健康教育的实施提供理论依据和建议。 【方法】 采用不记名的自我报告式问卷,对北京市两区的5所流动儿童学校的730名四~六年级学生进行调查。 【结果】 流动儿童健康知识存在性别、年级差异(P<0.05);在卫生行为习惯的养成方面,饮食卫生(24.11%做不到每天吃早餐,20.99%做不到经常吃蔬菜)、洗手卫生、口腔卫生(37.43%做不到每天睡前刷牙)等方面相对缺乏;93.38%的学生对健康教育具有明显需求。 【结论】 应加强流动儿童学校健康教育的实施和管理,积极培养流动儿童的健康意识,促进其健康水平的提高。

【Objective】 To study the state of the health knowledge, attitudes and behavior of floating children in Beijing, and accomplish the needs of health education assessment in migrant children schools, to provide a theoretical basis and recommendations in order to complete the implementation of school health education. 【Methods】 Self-report questionnaire was used and laid emphasis on anonymous, totally 730 fourth to sixth grade students of 5 migrant children schools in two districts of Beijing were included. 【Results】 There existenced sex and grade differences in knowledge of the overall health of floating children; Habits in terms of health behavior, they lacked of the hygiene of food(24.11% could not eat breakfast everyday, 20.99% could not eat vegetables frequently), hand washing, oral (37.43% could not tooth brushing before sleep), etc. And obviously 93.88% needed the health education. 【Conclusions】 In order to improve the floating children's health, and develop the health awareness, strengthen the implementation and management of health education should be done by the migrant children school.