【目的】 了解昆山地区4~6岁儿童感觉统合失调及影响因素,为早期行为干预提供依据。 【方法】 分层整群抽取昆山市区、乡镇托幼机构2 515例儿童进行感觉统合能力测定,并用自行设计编制调查表对感觉统合相关因素进行调查。 【结果】 1)全区儿童感觉统合失调率为25.45%,市区、乡镇儿童感觉统合失调率差异无统计学意义(χ²=1.41,P>0.05)。2)男童感觉统合失调发生率高于女童,差异有高度统计学意义(χ²=6.81,P<0.01);不同年龄感觉统合失调发生率差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.52,P<0.05);除前庭功能轻度失调率男童高于女童,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)外,其余各项失调两组无明显差别。3)前庭功能轻度失调率小年龄儿童高于大年龄儿童,而触觉防御、本体功能则相反,各项轻度失调率不同年龄间差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。触觉防御、本体功能中度失调率不同年龄间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4)儿童前庭功能失调发生与母亲孕期反应相关;触觉防御失调发生与儿童生长发育、父亲养育子女态度、儿童6月龄前喂养方式、儿童性格以及儿童平时主要照顾者等因素相关;本体功能失调发生与家庭类型、父亲养育子女态度等因素相关。儿童生长发育、家庭类型以及父亲养育子女态度影响儿童感觉统合失调。 【结论】 多因素综合影响昆山儿童感觉统合能力,儿童感觉统合失调应引起高度重视。

【Objective】 To study the sensory integrative dysfunction (SID) and the related influencing factors of 4~6 years old children in Kunshan region, and to provide evidence for early intervention. 【Methods】 The sensory integration ability of 2 515 children in Kunshan nurseries and kindergartens between city and town were determined by stratified cluster sampling, and the sensory integration related factors were investigated with self-made questionnaire. 【Results】 1) The incidence of SID in Kunshan region was 25.45%, The difference between city and town had no statistical significance(χ²=1.41,P>0.05).2) The incidence of SID in boys was higher than in girls, there was high statistical significance(χ²=6.81,P<0.01).The SID incidence among different ages had statistical significance(χ²=8.52,P<0.05).The incidence of the light vestibule balance dysfunction in boys was higher than in girls, there was high statistical significance(P<0.01),the others had no statistical significance.3) The incidence of the light vestibule balance dysfunction in young was higher than in the old, but tactile perception and somatosensory dysfunction were opposite, The incidence of the light vestibule balance dysfunction, the light tactile perception dysfunction and the light somatosensory dysfunction among different ages were different, there was high statistical significance(P<0.01).The incidence of the moderate tactile perception dysfunction and the moderate tactile perception dysfunction among different ages were different, the differences had statistical significance(P<0.05).4) Children's vestibule balance dysfunction had correlation with mother pregnancy reaction. Children's tactile perception dysfunction had correlation with children growth, attitude of father's rearing, feeding patterns before 6 months, children character and mainly caregivers etc. Children's somatosensory dysfunction had correlation with family type and attitude of father's rearing etc. Children growth, family type and attitude of father's rearing had influenced SID of children. 【Conclusion】 Multi-factors integrated influence SID of children in Kunshan region. Children sensory integrative dysfunction should be paid more attention.