【目的】 分析陕西省镇安县36月龄以下婴幼儿营养与健康状况,为探讨适宜的儿童营养改善措施提供依据。 【方法】 采用成比例概率抽样方法,在陕西省镇安县随机抽取422名36月龄以下婴幼儿,进行问卷调查、体格测量,并对6~35月龄婴幼儿进行血红蛋白和血清维生素D(Vit D)测定。 【结果】 36月龄以下婴幼儿生长迟缓率为8.5%,低体重率为3.6%,消瘦率为3.1%;过去两周腹泻发病率22.2%,呼吸道疾病发病率14.5%。6~35月龄儿童贫血率为25.1%,Vit D缺乏率为15.2%,边缘缺乏率为34.8%。 【结论】 镇安地区婴幼儿体格发育尚可, 但贫血和以 Vit D为代表的微量营养素缺乏较为严重。建议对该地区适龄儿童进行适当补充富含铁和Vit D的营养素补充剂,以有效的纠正该地区婴幼儿Vit D缺乏和贫血问题。

【Objective】 To analyse the nutrition and health status of infants under 36 months in Zhen'an county, Shaanxi province. 【Method】 By PPS sampling method, total 422 infants under 36 months in Zhen'an were chosen randomly and investigated using the questionnaire, anthropometrics. Children aged 6~35 months were taken blood samples to measure hemoglobin and serum 25-(OH)D₃ concentration. 【Results】 The prevalence of stunting, low weight and wasting were 8.5%, 3.6% and 3.1%, respectively. The prevalence of diarrhea and the respiratory tract disease for the last two weeks were 22.2% and 14.5%, respectively. The prevalence of anemia, vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D borderline deficiency in 6~35 months children were 25.1%, 15.2% and 34.8%. 【Conclusions】 The growth level of the infants in Zhen'an county is well, but the prevalence of anemia and vitamin D deficiency are high. It is necessary to take a nutrients supplement rich in iron and vitamin D to remedy the problem of anemia and vitamin D deficiency for infants aged 6~35 months.