【目的】 分析孤独症儿童的气质特征,为孤独症早期防治提供依据。 【方法】 采1∶2病例对照研究,对40例孤独症患儿及80例正常儿童采用《3～7岁儿童气质问卷》、自制的家庭与环境因素调查表、《孤独症治疗评定量表》进行评估。 【结果】 40例孤独症组儿童的气质维度中适应性、反应强度、坚持性、反应阈分值与正常儿童组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);孤独症组ATEC量表中语言交流、社会能力、感知认知意识三个分量表分值与气质维度存在相关性(P<0.05)。 【结论】 孤独症组儿童气质维度与正常儿童组存在差异;孤独症儿童的社交、语言和认知等障碍影响气质维度的发展。

【Objective】 To study the temperament characteristics of autistic children. 【Methods】 1∶2 case-control study was adopted. 40 autistic children and 80 normal children aged from 3 to 7 were selected and assessed with Behavioral Style Questionnaire (BSQ), Self-revised questionnaire of family and environment factors and Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) scale. 【Results】 The adaptability, reaction intensity, persistence, response threshold scores of the autistic children's temperament dimensions were significantly different from normal children(P <0.05); Autistic children group's verbal communication, social skills, cognitive awareness were correlated with the temperament dimensions (P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 Temperament dimensions of autistic children are different from the normal children; The disorder of social skills, communication and cognition of autistic children influenced by the development of their temperament dimensions themselves.