【目的】 应用Z评分法对河北省5岁以下儿童生长发育及营养状况进行评价和分析,为做好儿童保健工作提供科学依据。 【方法】 采用分层随机整群抽样法,抽取河北省24个县、3个城市5岁以下儿童15 930人为研究对象,对其进行身高、体重测量,采用WHO Anthroplus 2007软件计算Z评分值。 【结果】 生长发育迟缓(HAZ<2)患病率11.41％(1 818/15 930)、低体重(WAZ<2)患病率7.06%(1 125/15 930)、消瘦(WHZ<2)患病率2.58%(411/15 930),且城乡差异显著,尤其是生长发育迟缓农村患病率12.35%,约是城市的3.2倍;儿童年龄别身高Z评分(HAZ)、年龄别体重Z评分(WAZ)以及身高别体重Z评分(WHZ)均值分别为0.96±1.08、0.51±1.32和0.08±1.68。其中城市分别为0.18±1.37、0.19±1.12和0.52±1.11,农村分别为1.23±1.40、0.63±1.21和0.12±1.24。仅城市WAZ和WHZ为正值,其余均为负值,且平均Z评分随年龄增长呈下降趋势。 【结论】 河北省儿童生长发育水平与WHO推荐的参考标准有一定差距,且城乡差异显著,农村儿童营养状况欠佳。

【Objective】 To evaluate under five years old children′s physical growth and nutritional status by using Z score. 【Method】 Using stratified random sampling method 1 5930 children were measured height and weight and WHO Anthroplus 2007 was used to calculate Z score in 24 counties and 3 cities. 【Results】 The overall prevalence of stunting (HAZ<2), underweight (WAZ<2) and wasting (WHZ<2) were 11.41%(1 818/15 930), 7.06%(1 125/15 930) and 2.58%(411/15 930) respectively. They were higher in rural areas than urban. The prevalence of stunting in rural areas was 3.2 times than urban.The Z scores of HAZ, WAZ and WHZ were 0.96±1.08, 0.51±1.32 and 0.08±1.68 respectively. In urban they were 0.18±1.37, 0.19±1.12 and 0.52±1.11 respectively and in rural areas they were 1.23±1.40,0.63±1.21 and 0.12±1.24 respectively. It showed a tendency that Z scores of HAZ, WAZ and WHZ declined with increasing age. 【Conclusions】 Compare to WHO criteria, physical growth level of under five years old children in Hebei province is lower and have significant difference between urban and rural areas. In rural areas, the total nutrition of children is not enough.