Asperger综合征儿童智力特点分析
- 王惠,静进
作者信息
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Characteristics of intelligence structural in children with Asperger syndrome
- WANG Hui, JING Jin
Author information
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文章历史
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摘要
【目的】 探讨Asperger综合征(Asperger syndrome ,AS)儿童的智力结构和认知特点,为相关研究及诊疗提供依据。 【方法】 采用韦氏儿童智力测验第4版(Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition,WISC-IV)对26名符合美国《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》第4版(DSM-IV)标准诊断的AS儿童[平均(9.53±2.42)岁]进行测试。 【结果】 入组AS儿童的总智商(95.69±12.11)在正常范围,知觉推理指数(100.08±13.70)的得分最高,加工速度指数(91.58±11.31)的得分最低。此外,在各分测验中,类同(11.04±3.69)的得分最高,背数(7.88±1.88)的得分最低。 【结论】 入组AS儿童具有正常范围的认知水平,但存在明显的执行功能障碍,表现为认知灵活性、工作记忆以及短时记忆等能力相对偏低。
Abstract
【Objective】 To study the intelligence structure and cognitive features of children with Asperger syndrome, in order to offer reference and evidence for diagnosis and relative research. 【Methods】 26 children with AS were evaluated by WISC-IV, and then composite and subtest scores were analyzed. 【Results】 The FSIQ of AS group was in the normal range, with PRI in the highest and PSI in the lowest score. Among the ten core subsets, Similarities ranked the first and Digit Span ranked the lowest. 【Conclusions】 AS Children have the normal general ability, but have deficit in the cognitive proficiency; mainly reflect in cognitive shifting, working memory and short-term memory.
关键词
Asperger综合征 / 儿童 / 智力 / 认知特点
Key words
Asperger syndrome / children / intelligence / cognitive character
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参考文献
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[14] Cornoldi C, Dalla VR, Tressoldi PE. Visuo-spatial working memory limitations in low visuo-spatial high verbal intelligence children[J]. J Child Psych and Psychiatry,1995,36(6):1053-1064.
[2] Ghaziuddin M. Defining the intellectual profile of Asperger syndrome: comparison with high-functioning autism[J]. J Autism Dev Disorder,2004,34(3):279-284.
[3] 陈凯云,邹小兵,唐春,等.Asperger综合征儿童智力水平分析[J].中国行为医学科,2005,14(4):324-326.
[4] Ozonoff S, South M, Miller JN. DSM-IV-defined Asperger syndrome: cognitive, behavioral and early history differentiation from high-functioning autism[J].Autism,2000,4(1):29-46.
[5] Noterdaeme M, Wriedt E, Christian H. Asperger's syndrome and high-functioning autism: language, motor and cognitive profiles[J]. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry,2010,19(6):475-481.
[6] 郭嘉,静进,邹小兵,等.阿斯伯格综合征儿童对人物基本面部表情的识别特点[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2011,25(1):47-52.
[7] 孔明,黄启兵.WISC-IV的新变化及其在特殊教育评估中的应用[J].中国特殊教育,2007,14(6):28-33.
[8] David OB, Gregory L, Wallace JL, et al. Brief report: IQ split predicts social symptoms and communication abilities in high-functioning children with autism spectrum disorders[J]. J Autism Dev Disorder,2009,39(7):1613-1619.
[9] Gottfredson L, Saklofske DH. Intelligence: foundations and issues in assessment[J]. Cana Psychol,2009,50(3):183-195.
[10] Mayers SD, Calhoun SL. WISC-IV and WIAT-II profiles in children with high-functioning autism[J]. J Autism Dev Disord,2008,38: 428-439.
[11] Soulie`res I, Dawson M, Samson F, et al. Enhanced visual processing contributes to matrix reasoning in autism[J]. Human Bra Mapping,2009,30(12):4082-4107.
[12] Hayashi M, Kato M, Igarashi K, et al. Superior fluid intelligence in children with Asperger's disorder[J]. J Brain Cong,2008,66:306 -310.
[13] Alloway TP, Gathercole SE, Pickering SJ. Verbal and visuo-spatial short-term and working memory in children: Are they separable[J]. Child Dev,2006,77:1698-1716.
[14] Cornoldi C, Dalla VR, Tressoldi PE. Visuo-spatial working memory limitations in low visuo-spatial high verbal intelligence children[J]. J Child Psych and Psychiatry,1995,36(6):1053-1064.
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30872130);广州市残联科研究项目
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