摘要
儿童早期是奠定个体终身健康与潜能的关键阶段,0~3岁是发育的关键窗口期。在这一年龄段中,我国妇幼体系对儿童健康管理具有人群覆盖广,技术培训、服务实施和督导管理完善的优势,应成为儿童早期发展实践工作推进的重要载体。然而,我国基层儿童保健服务面临资源不均、标准不一,对家庭养育照护技能支持不足等挑战。在国家卫生健康委妇幼司联合国务院妇儿工委办公室、国家乡村振兴局政策法规司共同实施的“助力乡村振兴战略——基层儿童早期发展项目”以及联合国儿童基金会的资助下,上海交通大学医学院附属儿童医学中心联合主持开展了一项覆盖浙江、河南、贵州3省的3个试点县的多中心区组研究,构建并实践了一套深度融合人工智能(AI)技术的儿童早期发展促进为主要内容的基层儿童早期发展服务及监测系统。该系统采用分布式微服务架构,集成了标准化门诊咨询、数字化养育小组、多维度评估与智能化督导四大核心功能模块,并创新性地引入了基于检索增强生成(RAG)的智能咨询、多模态发育风险预测及智能亲子互动分析等AI应用。项目周期内(2024年7月—2025年12月),系统累计服务儿童逾1.5万人次,开展养育课程近4 200次。实践证明,该系统有效提高了基层服务的覆盖率、标准化程度、干预精准性以及用户满意度,为构建普惠可及的全国性儿童健康数字服务体系提供了可复制的技术范本与实施路径。
Abstract
Early childhood is a critical period for establishing lifelong health and developmental potential, with the ages 0 - 3 representing a particularly vital window. China's maternal and child health (MCH) system, with its extensive coverage,well-established technical training, service delivery, and supervisory management, provides a crucial platform for promoting early childhood development (ECD) practices. However, community-based services continue to face challenges, including resource disparities, inconsistent standards, and a lack of support for specialized nurturing care. Supported by the "Rural Revitalization——Primary ECD Project" (jointly implemented by the National Health Commission, the State Council Working Committee on Women and Children, and the National Administration for Rural Revitalization) and funded by UNICEF, National Children's Medical Center at Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine developed and implemented a community-based ECD service and monitoring system deeply integrated with artificial intelligence (AI). This work was based on a multicenter, cluster randomized study conducted across three pilot counties in Zhejiang, Henan, and Guizhou provinces. Utilizing a distributed microservices architecture, the system integrates four core functional modules: standardized clinical consultation, digital nurturing care groups, multidimensional assessment, and intelligent supervision. Furthermore, it innovatively incorporates advanced AI applications, including a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)-based intelligent consultation assistant, multimodal developmental risk prediction models, and automated parent-child interaction analysis. During the pilot period, the system facilitated over 15 000 pediatric consultations and nearly 4 200 nurturing care sessions. These results demonstrate that this AI-empowered network effectively enhances the coverage, standardization, and precision of interventions in community-based services, while also improving user satisfaction, thereby providing a scalable digital solution for primary care implementation and national child health promotion.
关键词
儿童早期发展 /
脑智发育 /
人工智能 /
儿童保健 /
信息系统
Key words
early childhood development /
brain intelligence development /
artificial intelligence /
child healthcare /
information system
陈高畅, 何伟文, 张云婷, 董媛媛, 赵艳君, 王文娴, 张岳, 江帆, 陈津津, 俞章盛.
人工智能赋能儿童早期发展服务及监测系统的构建与思考[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志. 2026, 34(8): 825-830 https://doi.org/10.11852/zgetbjzz2026-0423
CHEN Gaochang, HE Weiwen, ZHANG Yunting, DONG Yuanyuan, ZHAO Yanjun, WANG Wenxian, ZHANG Yue, JIANG Fan, CHEN Jinjin, YU Zhangsheng.
Development and perspectives of an artificial intelligence-empowered early childhood development service and monitoring system[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care. 2026, 34(8): 825-830 https://doi.org/10.11852/zgetbjzz2026-0423
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