肥胖已成为威胁儿童健康与社会发展的重大公共卫生问题,亟需系统性体重管理应对。体重管理应包括监测评估、干预治疗和管理维持三部分。系统化的儿童体重管理需要依托国家级的监测系统及时了解体重及其变化趋势,在干预上强调膳食指导、运动促进与健康教育,在维持上通过立法、财政支持和环境营造形成保障。近年来我国出台《儿童青少年肥胖防控实施方案(2020年)》等多项政策,并将“健康体重管理行动”纳入国家战略,推动实施“体重管理三年行动”,逐步构建覆盖全社会综合体系。总体来看,我国儿童体重管理已初步取得积极进展,后续可以在政策评价、医防协同、个体监测和基础研究等方面继续加强。
Abstract
Childhood obesity has become a major public health issue, posing clear risks to children's health and future development. Effective management requires a systematic approach that includes monitoring and assessment, intervention and treatment, and long-term maintenance. National surveillance systems are essential for tracking weight trends, while interventions focus on improving diet, increasing physical activity, and strengthening health education. Long-term maintenance relies on supportive policies, financial measures, and healthy environments that help children sustain positive behaviors. In recent years, China has introduced several national policies, including the Implementation Plan for the Prevention and Control of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents (2020), and has integrated the Healthy Weight Management Action into the Healthy China Initiative. The launch of the three-year campaign on enhancing the public's weight management has further promoted a coordinated system involving government, schools, families, communities, and healthcare institutions. While progress has been made, further efforts are still needed in policy evaluation, medical-public health coordination, individual monitoring, and basic research.
关键词
体重管理 /
儿童肥胖 /
生活方式干预 /
监测系统 /
政策体系 /
儿童
Key words
weight management /
childhood obesity /
lifestyle intervention /
surveillance system /
policy framework /
children
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