儿童阅读发展的关键能力

郝颖; 宋奕璇

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0940

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中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9) : 934-938. DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0940

专家笔谈

儿童阅读发展的关键能力

郝颖, 宋奕璇

作者信息 +

Fundamental skills of child reading development

HAO Ying, SONG Yixuan

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

阅读是儿童认知、思维、情绪等发展的重要基石。“简明阅读观”认为阅读的发展取决于解码与语言理解双路径的协同提升。基于此,本文系统梳理字词解码和语言理解涉及的关键能力和发展规律。字词解码主要依赖正字法意识、语音意识与形音映射能力。语言理解主要依托词汇、语法、语篇衔接手段、推理、工作记忆、叙事等能力。厘清儿童阅读发展的关键能力能够助力家长、教师和临床医师精准定位儿童的能力缺陷,制定更具针对性的干预方案。

Abstract

Reading is a cornerstone of children′s cognitive, reasoning, and socio-emotional development.In the Simple View of Reading, reading is regarded as coordinated development of two components, decoding and language comprehension.Based on this framework, this article summarizes fundamental skills and developmental trajectories relevant to each of the two components.Decoding mainly depends on children′s orthographic knowledge, phonological awareness, and efficient grapheme-phoneme correspondences.Language comprehension mostly draws on vocabulary knowledge, grammar, discourse cohesion, inferencing skills, working memory, and narrative skills.Clarifying these fundamental skills helps parents, teachers, and clinicians identify children′s specific areas of difficulties and form more targeted, effective intervention plans.

导出引用

郝颖, 宋奕璇. 儿童阅读发展的关键能力[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志. 2025, 33(9): 934-938 https://doi.org/10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0940

HAO Ying, SONG Yixuan. Fundamental skills of child reading development[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care. 2025, 33(9): 934-938 https://doi.org/10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0940

中图分类号： R179

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