目的 探讨照护人养育压力与婴幼儿社会情绪发育水平的影响,为促进儿童早期发展和建设生育友好型社会提供科学依据。方法 2024年11—12月期间,采用分层抽样的方法,对江苏省射阳县487名0~3岁婴幼儿的主要照护人进行问卷调查,应用年龄与发育进程问卷(ASQ:SE-2)、简式育儿压力问卷(PSI-SF)评估婴幼儿的社会情绪发育水平和照护人养育压力状况。结果 本研究中0~3岁婴幼儿ASQ:SE-2得分接近界值、高于界值的比例分别为13.1%和6.8%。随着月龄增大,婴幼儿的ASQ:SE-2得分提高(β=0.260,P<0.001)。照护人PSI-SF均分为79.13±26.62,有24.6%的照护人存在较高的育儿压力。多元线性回归分析显示,照护人养育压力(β=0.371,P<0.001)及其子维度困难儿童(β=0.253,P＝0.004)均与婴幼儿社会情绪发育水平得分呈显著正相关,即照护人养育压力越大,婴幼儿社会情绪能力发展越差。 结论 婴幼儿社会情绪发育水平与照护人养育压力密切相关,应开展婴幼儿心理发育行为早期筛查,缓解照护人的养育压力,为婴幼儿构建良好的养育环境,促进人口高质量发展。
Abstract
Objective To examine the association between caregiver parenting stress and social-emotional development in infants and toddlers, in order to provide scientific evidence for early childhood development promotion and the creation of a fertility-friendly society. Methods During November to December 2024, a stratified sampling method was employed to survey 487 primary caregivers of children aged 0-3 years in Sheyang County, Jiangsu Province.The Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional, Second Edition (ASQ:SE-2) and the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) were used to assess children′s social-emotional development and caregiver parenting stress, respectively. Results In this study, 13.1% and 6.8% of children scored close to or above the ASQ:SE-2 cutoff, respectively.ASQ:SE-2 scores increased with age (β=0.260, P<0.001).The average score of PSI-SF among caregivers was 79.13±26.62, with 24.6% reporting high parenting stress.Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that overall caregiver parenting stress (β=0.371, P<0.001) and the "difficult child" subscale (β=0.253, P=0.004) were significantly positively associated with poorer social-emotional outcomes in children, indicating that higher caregiver stress correlated with lower child social-emotional competence. Conclusions Infant and toddler social-emotional development is closely linked to caregiver parenting stress.Early screening for behavioral and psychological development should be implemented, along with interventions to alleviate caregiver stress and foster supportive rearing environments, thereby promoting high-quality population development.
关键词
婴幼儿 /
社会情绪发展 /
养育压力
Key words
infants and toddlers /
social-emotional development /
parenting stress
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 卢平,喻茜,卞晓燕,等.昆山市3岁以下儿童早期情绪和社会性发育及家庭环境影响因素调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2021,29(1):101-105.
Lu P, Yu Q,Bian XY, et al.Investigation of early social-emotional development and the family environment related factors of children under 3 years old in Kunshan[J].Chin J Child Health Care, 2021,29(1): 101-105 (in Chinese)
[2] 徐玉英,郭晨鸣,梅方璇,等.家庭养育环境与幼儿社会情绪能力的相关研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2024,32(5): 559-565.
Xu YY, Guo CM, Mei FX, et al.Study on the correlation between home rearing environment and social emotional competence of infants and toddlers[J].Chin J Child Health Care, 2024,32(5): 559-565 (in Chinese)
[3] Richard RA.Introduction to the special issue: The stresses of parenting[J].J Clin Child Psychol,1990,19(4):298-301.
[4] 何慧华,陈迎新,蒋琴,等.父亲婚姻满意度对1~3岁婴幼儿社会-情绪能力的影响:父子依恋和父亲参与的链式中介作用[J].心理与行为研究,2022,20(6): 790-796.
He HH, Chen YX, Jiang Q, et al.Effects of paternal marital satisfaction on 1-3 years old children′s social-emotional competence: A chain mediating model of father-child attachment and father involvement[J].Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 2022,20(6): 790-796 (in Chinese)
[5] 颜雪艺,曾慧婷,龙雪娜,等.父亲养育压力对儿童内化问题的影响:基于家庭影响的三方模型理论与情绪溢出假设[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2024,32(3): 660-665.
Yan XY, Zeng HT, Long XN, et al.The effect of parenting stress on children′s internalizing problems: Based on tripartite model of familial influence theory and the spillover hypothesis[J].Chin J Clin Psychol, 2024,32(3): 660-665 (in Chinese)
[6] 朱宏锐,涂爱仙,万峰静,等.0~3岁婴幼儿社交情绪发展和干预研究进展[J].中国妇幼保健, 2022,37(10): 1928-1931.
[7] 卞晓燕,Jane S,卢红梅,等.年龄与发育进程问卷:社会-情绪(第2版)的中国常模及信度研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2021,29(1): 23-27.
Bian XY, Jane S, Lu HM, et al.Study on the norm and the reliability of the second edition of the Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional with a Chinese national sample[J].Chin J Child Health Care, 2021,29(1): 23-27 (in Chinese)
[8] 杨玉凤.儿童发育行为心理评定量表[M].2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2023:895-900.
[9] McDonald SW, Kehler HL, Tough SC.Risk factors for delayed social-emotional development and behavior problems at age two: Results from the All Our Babies/Families (AOB/F) cohort[J].Health Sci Rep, 2018,1(10): e82.
[10] 于腾飞,梁珊,程文红.父母产后抑郁对婴幼儿社会情绪能力发展的影响及机制[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2020,28(8): 879-882.
Yu TF, Liang S, Cheng WH.Effect and mechanism of parents′ postpartum depression on the social emotional competence development of infants[J].Chin J Child Health Care, 2020,28(8): 879-882 (in Chinese)
[11] 张晶,卞晓燕,Jane S,等.年龄与发育进程问卷:社会-情绪(第2版)中文版的效度研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2022,30(3):249-253.
Zhang J, Bian XY, Jane S, et al.Validity of the Chinese version of Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (the Second Edition) for toddlers aged 12 to 35 months[J].Chin J Child Health Care, 2022,30(3):249-253 (in Chinese)
[12] Li J, Zhai M, Liu D, et al.Pilot study of relationship between prenatal stress during the COVID-19 pandemic and social-emotional development of 12-month-old children: The mediation effects of home environment[J].Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2024, 33(6):1895-1905.
[13] Usta MB, KarabekiroGlu K.Does the psychopathology of the parents predict the Developmental-Emotional problems of the toddlers?[J].Noro Psikiyatr Ars, 2020, 57(4):265-269.
[14] Drury SS, Scaramella L, Zeanah CH.Theneurobiological impact of postpartum maternal depression: Prevention and intervention approaches[J].Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 2016, 25(2):179-200.
[15] 陈丽萍.父母养育压力与幼儿心理健康的关系:积极养育与亲子关系的链式中介作用[D].武汉: 华中师范大学, 2022: 42.
Chen LP.The relationship between parenting stress and infant mental health: The chain mediating role of positive parenting and parent-child relationship[D].Wuhan: Central China Normal University, 2022: 42.(in Chinese)
[16] 杨旭冉.父亲养育心理灵活性、父子依恋与幼儿问题行为的关系研究[D].石家庄: 河北师范大学, 2023: 5.
Yang XR.Study on the relationship between father′s parenting psychological flexibility, father-child attachment and children′s problem behavior[D].Shijiazhuang: Hebei Normal University, 2023: 5.(in Chinese)
[17] 雷海潮.完善生育支持政策体系 加快建设生育友好型社会[EB/OL].http://www.nhc.gov.cn/wjw/mtbd/202411/33d0b7fe9ea84261971ef0ec7e1d02ac.shtml.2024-11-7.
PDF(625 KB)
