目的 了解7～24月龄婴幼儿照护人的回应性喂养行为,分析影响回应性喂养的相关因素,为更好地指导照护人喂养行为,促进婴幼儿回应性喂养提供依据。方法 采用自制问卷,通过随机抽样的方法,在南京市内抽中的4个社区卫生服务中心进行预防保健的健康婴幼儿中选取306名7～24月龄婴幼儿及其照护人进行问卷调查。结果 7～24月龄婴幼儿照护人回应性喂养行为条目均分最高的维度是“照护人与儿童的互动”[4.60(4.00,5.00)分],条目均分最低的维度是“不良喂养行为”[3.75(3.00,4.25)分]。不同出生胎龄、目前月龄、主要照护人、主要照护人学历、家庭类型、家庭子女数、家庭收入及不同添加辅食时间的婴幼儿照护人回应性喂养行为在各维度得分组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,婴幼儿照护人学历与照护人回应性喂养行为得分呈正相关(β=0.200,P<0.01),添加辅食时间与照护人回应性喂养行为得分呈负相关(β=-0.164,P<0.01)。结论 婴幼儿照护人的回应性喂养意识仍有待提高,回应性喂养行为受主要照护人类型及学历、家庭结构、家庭经济状况等因素影响。在实施回应性喂养相关宣教时应当结合婴幼儿照护人及家庭实际情况,适时调整喂养指导策略,减少不良喂养行为的发生,提高婴幼儿喂养质量。
Abstract
Objectives To investigate responsive feeding behaviors among caregivers of infants aged 7 - 24 months,and to analyze influencing factors, in order to provide evidence to better guide caregivers' feeding practices and promote responsive feeding. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was administered to 306 infants aged 7 - 24 months and their caregivers, who were selected via random sampling from healthy infants receiving preventive healthcare at four community health service centers in Nanjing. Results The highest domain score in responsive feeding behaviors was "caregiver-child interaction" [4.60 (4.00, 5.00)], while the lowest was "negative feeding practices" [3.75 (3.00, 4.25)]. Significant differences were observed across dimensions based on gestational age, current age, primary caregiver type, caregiver education level, family structure, number of children, household income, and complementary feeding initiation time (P<0.05) . Multiple linear regression revealed that caregiver education level was positively associated with responsive feeding behavior scores (β= 0.200,P<0.01), whereas the timing of complementary feeding introduction was negatively associated with responsive feeding behavior scores (β =0.164,P<0.01). Conclusions Awareness of responsive feeding among caregivers needs improvement, with behaviors influenced by caregiver type, education level, family structure, and socioeconomic status. Educational interventions should be tailored to caregivers' and families' specific circumstances, adjusting guidance strategies to reduce negative feeding practices and enhance infant feeding quality.
关键词
回应性喂养 /
喂养行为 /
照护人 /
婴幼儿
Key words
responsive feeding /
feeding behaviors /
caregivers /
infant and toddlers
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