目的 探讨小学生睡眠时间和视屏时间与超重肥胖的关系及二者交互作用对超重肥胖的影响,为预防和控制小学生超重肥胖提供科学依据。方法 于2022—2023年采用随机整群抽样的方法,选取十堰市3所小学2~6年级共1 102名学生作为研究对象,通过问卷调查收集小学生的一般人口学特征、睡眠时间、视屏时间、饮食情况、体育活动时间等,采用现场体格检查获取小学生的身高、体重。关联性分析使用多因素Logistic回归,交互作用分析使用相加和相乘模型。结果 十堰市小学生超重肥胖检出率为25.8%(284/1 102),868名(78.8%)小学生平均每天睡眠时间<10h,237名(21.5%)小学生平均每天视屏时间≥2h。不同性别、睡眠时间、视屏时间的小学生超重肥胖率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=22.381、5.804、16.081,P<0.05)。睡眠时间<10h/d(OR=1.524, 95%CI: 1.052~ 2.209)、视屏时间≥2h/d(OR=1.839,95%CI: 1.325~ 2.553)是小学生超重肥胖的危险因素。与睡眠时间≥10h/d且视屏时间<2h/d的小学生相比,睡眠时间<10h/d且视屏时间≥2h/d的小学生超重肥胖风险增加了1.762倍(OR=2.762, 95%CI: 1.698~ 4.495),但睡眠时间和视屏时间对小学生超重肥胖无相乘或相加交互作用。结论 小学生每天睡眠时间和视屏时间与超重肥胖有显著关联,今后应重视对睡眠时间和视屏时间的干预,培养积极健康的生活方式,以降低超重肥胖的发生风险。
Abstract
Objective To explore the association of sleep time and screen time with overweight and obesity, and their interaction on overweight and obesity among primary school students, so as to provide the scientific basis for the prevention and control of overweight and obesity among primary school students. Methods From 2022 to 2023, a random cluster sampling method was used to select 1 102 students from grades 2 - 6 of three primary schools in Shiyan City as the study subjects. General demographic characteristics, sleep time, screen time, dietary habits and physical activity time were collected by questionnaire. The height and weight of the students were obtained by on-site physical examination. Multivariate Logistic regression was used for association analysis, and additive and multiplicative models were used for interaction analysis. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school students in Shiyan City was 25.8% (284/1 102), the average sleep time of 868 (78.8%) primary school students was <10 hours per day, and the average screen time of 237 (21.5%) primary school students was ≥2 hours per day. There were significant differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among students of different genders, sleep time and screen time (χ2=22.381, 5.804, 16.081, P<0.05). Sleep time <10 hours per day (OR=1.524, 95%CI: 1.052 - 2.209) and screen time ≥2 hours per day (OR=1.839, 95%CI: 1.325 - 2.553) were risk factors for overweight and obesity in primary school students. The risk of overweight and obesity in primary students who sleep time <10 hours per day and screen time ≥2 hours per day was 1.762 times higher than those who sleep time≥10 hours per day and screen time <2 hours per day(OR=2.762, 95%CI: 1.698 - 4.495). There was no additive or multiplicative interaction between sleep time and screen time on overweight and obesity among primary school students. Conclusions There is a significant association of daily sleep duration and screen time with overweight and obesity among primary school students. Therefore, future interventions should focus on sleep duration and screen time, fostering active and healthy lifestyles to reduce the risk of overweight and obesity.
关键词
睡眠时间 /
视屏时间 /
超重肥胖 /
交互作用 /
小学生
Key words
sleep time /
screen time /
overweight and obesity /
interaction effect /
primary school students
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基金
湖北省教育厅科学技术研究项目(B2022497);湖北医药学院博士启动金资助项目(2020QDJZR019)
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