目的 探讨学龄前孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的脑功能网络特征,为研究儿童ASD的病理机制提供理论依据。方法 选取2022年9月—2023年10月在重庆市儿童孤独症康复治疗中心接受干预的28例4~6岁ASD儿童和20例年龄匹配的正常发育儿童,采集静息态功能性近红外光谱(fNIRS)成像数据,采用图论分析方法,以全局(全局效率、局部效率)和节点指标(节点度、节点效率)为因变量,比较两组儿童在脑功能拓扑属性上的差异。结果 与正常发育儿童相比,ASD儿童在内侧前额叶脑区表现出更高的节点度(t=5.570, P=0.023)和更低的节点效率(t=6.916, P=0.012)。在全局指标方面,排除性别因素的影响后,ASD组儿童具有更高的局部效率(t=4.714, P=0.036)和更低的全局效率(t=5.862, P=0.020)。结论 内侧前额叶皮层是学龄前ASD儿童重要的信息传递中枢,与正常发育组相比,ASD儿童在信息整合和全局信息传递方面存在不足,但在局部信息传递和分化方面存在一定优势。
Abstract
Objective To explore the characteristics of brain functional networks in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD), in order to provide a theoretical basis for the pathological mechanism of ASD. Methods From September 2022 to October 2023, 28 children aged 4 to 6 years with ASD receiving intervention in the Rehabilitation Treatment Centerfor Children with ASD of Chongqing and 20 age-matched typically developed children were selected. Resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS) imaging data were collected. Graph theory analysis was used to compare differences in brain functional topological properties between the two groups, with global indices(global efficiency, local efficiency) and nodal indices(nodal degree, nodal efficiency) as dependent variables. Results Compared with typically developed children, children with ASD exhibited higher nodal degree(t=5.570, P=0.023) and lower nodal efficiency(t=6.916, P=0.012) in the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC). In terms of global indices, after excluding the influence of gender, ASD children had higher local efficiency(t=4.714, P=0.036) and lower global efficiency(t=5.862, P=0.020). Conclusions The mPFC serves as an important information transmission hub in preschool children with ASD. Compared with typically developed children, children with ASD have deficiencies in information integration and global information transmission but exhibit certain advantages in local information transmission and differentiation.
关键词
孤独症谱系障碍 /
功能性近红外光谱成像 /
图论 /
内侧前额叶皮层 /
学龄前儿童
Key words
autism spectrum disorder /
functional near-infrared spectroscopy /
graph theory /
medial prefrontal cortex /
preschool children
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基金
重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0045);重庆英才·创新领军人才项目(技术创新与应用发展)(CQYC20200303136)
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