目的 构建0～3岁婴幼儿运动发育评估量表(MDS)并评估其信度和效度,为我国婴幼儿运动发育情况进行科学有效的评估提供方便有效的实用工具。方法 2019年7月—2021年4月,在全国6城市对0～3岁婴幼儿采用MDS进行运动能力发育评估。采用Cronbach's α系数评价内部一致性信度指标。由两名不同评测者对25名儿童两周内进行两次 MDS 测评,来判断复测信度。效度评价以Gesell量表的粗大运动和精细运动分量表为标准进行Pearson相关性分析。对量表得分结果进行统计学分析。结果 回收有效样本1 019份,男童512人,女童507人。精细动作、粗大运动分量表和总量表的Cronbach's α系数均>0.9 ,表明本量表有良好的内部一致性。精细运动分量表的重测信度为r=0.997(P<0.01),粗大运动分量表的重测信度为r=0.995(P<0.01)。效度检测结果显示Gesell精细动作分量表发育商与 MDS 精细动作发育商间具有相关性(r=0.71,P<0.05),Gesell 粗大运动的发育商与 MDS大运动发育商间具有相关性(r=0.73,P<0.05)。MDS得分随婴幼儿年龄增长呈增加趋势(P<0.01)。结论 本研究构建的MDS运动发育筛查效能不亚于Gesell运动分量表,信效度检验提示量表内容效度达到标准水平,并且结构合理,适用性强,简单易操作,具有较好的筛查发育异常儿童的能力,符合儿童运动发育筛查、运动康复评估工作的需求。
Abstract
Objective To develop a Motor Development Scale (MDS) for infants aged 0 - 3 years, and to evaluate its reliability and validity, so as to provide a convenient and effective practical tool for the scientific and effective assessment of motor development among infants in China. Methods From July 2019 to April 2021, infants aged 0 - 3 years from six cities nationwide were assessed for motor development using the MDS. The Cronbach's α coefficient was used to evaluate the internal consistency reliability. Two different evaluators conducted two MDS assessments within two weeks on 25 children to determine the test-retest reliability. The validity evaluation was performed using the Gross Motor and Fine Motor Subscales of the Gesell Scale as the gold standard for Pearson correlation analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted on the scale scores. Results A total of 1 019 valid samples were collected, including 512 boys and 507 girls. The Cronbach's α coefficients for the fine motor, gross motor subscales, and the total scale were all >0.9, indicating good internal consistency of the scale. The test-retest reliability for the fine motor subscale and gross motor subscale was 0.997 and 0.995, respectively (P<0.01). The validity test results showed a correlation between the Gesell fine motor developmental quotient (DQ) and the MDS fine motor DQ (r=0.71, P<0.05), as well as between the Gesell Gross Motor DQ and the MDS Gross Motor DQ (r=0.73, P<0.05). The MDS scores showed an increasing trend with the age of infants (P<0.01). Conclusions The MDS developed in this study has a motor development screening efficiency comparable to the Gesell Motor Subscales. The content validity of the scale meets standard levels, with a reasonable structure, strong applicability, simplicity, and ease of operation, and has a good ability to screen for children with developmental abnormalities, meeting the needs of motor development screening and motor rehabilitation assessment in children.
关键词
婴幼儿 /
运动发育测评 /
信度 /
效度
Key words
infants and toddlers /
motor development assessment /
reliability /
validity
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