目的 探讨儿童心理行为发育现状及其影响因素,为儿童心理行为发育的防控提供科学依据。方法 选取2022年7月—2023年12月在贵阳市妇幼保健院儿童保健科就诊的694名1~2岁常规体检儿童为研究对象,对其父母进行一般人口学资料、是否接触屏幕及亲子互动水平调查,应用Gesell发育量表评估其心理行为发育状况。运用随机森林算法对影响因素进行重要性排序,将筛选后的变量纳入多因素logistic回归分析模型。结果 影响儿童心理行为发育变量的重要性排序依次是出生体重、性别、孕次、孕周、家庭月均总收入、户外活动、喂养方式、是否接触电子屏幕、亲子互动、妊娠方式。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,出生体重≥2 500g(OR=0.241,95%CI: 0.108~0.536)、高水平亲子互动(OR=0.267, 95%CI:0.122~0.585)是儿童心理行为发育迟缓风险的保护因素。结论 1~2岁幼儿的心理行为发育仍需重视,因此,需采取高质量的孕期管理控制新生儿出生体重、并且父母需要提供优质的亲子互动以促进儿童早期发展。
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the current status of psychological and behavioral development in children and its influencing factors, in order to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of developmental issues in children. Methods A total of 694 children aged 1 - 2 years who underwent routine health check-ups at the Child Health Care Department of Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from July 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects. Their parents were surveyed on general demographic information, screen exposure, and parent-child interaction levels. The Gesell Developmental Scale was used to assess the children′s psychological and behavioral development. The random forest algorithm was employed to rank the importance of influencing factors, and the screened variables were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis model. Results The ranking of the importance of factors affecting children′s psychological and behavioral development was as follows: birth weight, gender, parity, gestational age, monthly household income, outdoor activities, feeding modes, screen exposure, parent-child interaction, and mode of conception. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a birth weight ≥2 500g (OR＝0.241, 95%CI: 0.108 - 0.536) and high-quality parent-child interaction (OR＝0.267, 95% CI: 0.122 - 0.585) were protective factors against the risk of delayed psychological and behavioral development in children. Conclusions The psychological and behavioral development of children aged 1 - 2 years still requires significant attention. Therefore, high-quality prenatal management to control neonatal birth weight and the provision of high-quality parent-child interactions by caregivers are essential to promote early childhood development.
关键词
心理行为发育 /
随机森林模型 /
多因素logistic回归分析模型
Key words
psychological behavioral development /
random forest model /
multivariate logistic regression model
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基金
贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2022-199);贵州省第八批高层次新型人才项目(筑科合同-GCC-[2024]024)
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