目的 调查喀什地区哮喘儿童运动水平的影响因素,并探究这些影响因素间的作用路径,为促进哮喘儿童的运动干预提供依据。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2022年10月—2023年12月在新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区5家医院儿科就诊的学龄期维吾尔族哮喘儿童及其家长作为调查对象,使用一般资料调查表、国际身体运动问卷(短卷)、全国哮喘儿童家长知信行问卷、儿童哮喘控制测试问卷对其进行调查。应用单因素分析、Spearman相关分析,并采用AMOS 26.0构建路径分析模型。结果 共纳入214例学龄期维吾尔族哮喘儿童,其中处于高运动水平、中运动水平、低运动水平的患儿占比分别为14.5%(31/214)、40.7%(87/214)、44.8%(96/214)。家长文化水平、疾病严重程度、家庭月收入、哮喘控制水平、肺功能、家长知信行是学龄期维吾尔族哮喘儿童运动水平的影响因素(χ2=9.318、49.911、25.467、80.554,H=7.550、15.495,P<0.05)。路径分析结果显示,性别、家庭月收入、哮喘控制水平对哮喘儿童运动水平有直接正向效应(β=0.142、0.176、0.508,P<0.05),家长知信行和疾病严重程度对儿童运动水平的间接效应显著,其间接效应值分别为0.127、-0.285(P＜0.05)。结论 喀什地区学龄期维吾尔族哮喘儿童运动水平较低,临床医护人员应重视患儿性别、家庭月收入、哮喘控制水平、疾病严重程度、家长知信行对哮喘儿童运动水平的影响,实施科学、精准的运动干预,以提高哮喘患儿的运动水平。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of exercise level of asthmatic children in Kashi area, and to analyze the pathways between these influencing factors, so as to provide basis for promoting exercise intervention of asthma children. Methods FromOctober 2022 to December 2023, school-age Uygur asthmatic children and their parents in pediatric outpatient department of a tertiary hospital and 4 secondary hospital were selected in Kashgar area, XinjiangUygur Autonomous Region by a convenient sampling method. The investigation tools included General Demographic Questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ short volume), the National Parents of Asthmatic Children Knowledge Attitude and Practice Questionnaire, Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT). Univariate analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the data, and AMOS 26.0 was used to construct the path analysis model. Results A total of 214 school-age Uygur children with asthma were included, of whom 14.5% (31/214) had high exercise level, 40.7% (87/214) had moderate exercise level, and 44.8% (96/214) had low exercise level. Parents' education level, disease severity, family monthly income, asthma control level, lung function, parents' knowledge and behavior were influencing factors for exercise level of school-age children with asthma (χ2=9.318, 49.911, 25.467, 80.554, H=7.550, 15.495,P<0.05). Path analysis results showed that gender, family monthly income and asthma control level (β= 0.142, 0.176, 0.508, respectively) had directly positive effects on children's exercise level (P<0.05), and parents' knowledge, attitude and practice, as well as disease severity had indirectly effects on children's exercise level, with the indirect effect values of 0.127 and -0.285 (P<0.05). Conclusions The exercise level of school-age Uyghur children with asthma in Kashgar area is low. Clinical medical staff should pay attention to the effects of children's gender, family monthly income, asthma control level, disease severity, parents' knowledge, attitude and practice on the exercise level of children with asthma, and implement scientific and precise exercise intervention, so as to improve the exercise level of children with asthma.
关键词
维吾尔族 /
哮喘 /
运动 /
知信行 /
哮喘控制 /
学龄期儿童
Key words
Uygur /
asthma /
exercise /
knowledge, attitude and practice /
asthma control /
school-age children
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基金
上海交通大学医学院护理学科建设项目(SJTUHLXK2021)
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