目的 探讨母亲喂养方式、婴幼儿饮食行为及气质对儿童超重肥胖的影响,为早期预防和控制儿童超重肥胖提供参考。方法 采用目的抽样法选取徐州市2所医院及2个社区卫生中心的956名6~24月龄婴幼儿及其母亲为研究对象,母亲完成喂养方式、婴幼儿饮食行为和气质问卷。根据体重和身长计算年龄别体质量指数Z值(BMIZ),BMIZ>+2为儿童超重肥胖。采用二分类Logistic回归分析母亲喂养方式、婴幼儿饮食行为及气质对儿童超重肥胖的影响。结果 儿童超重肥胖发生率为15.06%(144/956)。二分类Logistic回归分析结果表明,限制和纵容性喂养(OR=2.257、1.760)、食物反应的饮食行为(OR=2.936)、消极情绪(OR=1.907)和外向性气质(OR=1.859)是儿童超重肥胖的危险因素;敏感性喂养(OR=0.289)、饱腹反应(OR=0.476)、进食减慢的饮食行为(OR=0.654),努力控制气质(OR=0.548)是儿童超重肥胖的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 母亲喂养方式、婴幼儿饮食行为及气质影响儿童超重肥胖的发生风险。儿童保健工作者应指导母亲调整喂养方式,改善婴幼儿饮食行为和气质,促进儿童体重的健康发展。
Abstract
Objective To examine the influence of maternal feeding practice, eating behaviors and temperament of infants and toddlers on childhood overweight and obesity, in order to provide insights for early prevention and control of childhood overweight and obesity. Methods A purposive sampling method was used to recruit 956 mothers and their children aged 6 to 24 months from two hospitals and two healthcare centers in Xuzhou. Mothers completed the Infant Feeding Style Questionnaire, the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire for Toddlers, the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised and the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire. Body mass index-for age Z-score (BMIZ) was calculated based on recumbent length and weight to determine overweight and obesity (BMIZ >+2). Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of maternal feeding practice, eating behaviors and temperament of infants and toddlers on childhood overweight and obesity. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15.06%(144/956). Binary Logistic regression showed that restrictive feeding (OR=2.257), indulgent feeding (OR=1.760), food responsiveness (OR=2.936), negative emotions (OR=1.907) and extraversion temperament (OR=1.859) were risk factors for childhood overweight and obesity; while responsive feeding (OR=0.289), satiety responsiveness (OR=0.476), slowness in eating(OR=0.654), and effortful control(OR=0.548) were protective factors for childhood overweight and obesity (P<0.05). Conclusions Childhood overweight and obesity are influenced by maternal feeding practice, eating behaviors and temperament of infants and toddlers. Child healthcare providers should guide mothers to adjust feeding practices, improve eating behaviors and temperament of infants and toddlers, which may promote the healthy weight development of children.
关键词
喂养方式 /
婴幼儿 /
饮食行为 /
气质 /
超重肥胖
Key words
feeding practice /
infants and toddlers /
eating behaviors /
temperament /
overweight and obesity
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基金
中国职业技术教育学会第五届理事会2022年度科研规划课题(ZJ2022B99);江苏省职业教育教学改革研究课题(ZYB39)
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