目的 分析不同膳食纤维来源与儿童营养状况的相关性,为儿童营养性疾病的预防提供依据。方法 选取2019—2023年因营养失衡至浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院儿童保健科营养门诊进行营养咨询的372名6～18岁儿童根据以往测量的身高和体重数值计算儿童的体质量指数(BMI),得到BMI的Z值,并将其分为低体重、正常体重和超重三组。再根据以往3天饮食日记获取膳食摄入量,并使用膳食软件自动来确定摄入的膳食纤维类型。对三组儿童的膳食纤维摄入量进行单因素方差分析和Logistic回归分析。结果 正常体重组、超重组和低体重组中,总膳食纤维、谷物纤维、大豆纤维和其他类型纤维摄入量差异有统计学意义(F=4.55、10.67、3.53、6.68,P<0.05)。两两比较结果显示,与正常体重儿童相比,超重组儿童的总膳食纤维、谷物纤维和其他类型纤维的摄入量较多(P<0.05),低体重组儿童的各膳食纤维摄入与正常体重儿童比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic分析发现,谷物纤维(OR=2.04)和其他类型纤维(OR=1.96)摄入较多的儿童超重可能性更大(P<0.05), 豆类纤维摄入较多的儿童超重的可能性更小(OR=0.25,P<0.05)。 结论 不同种类的纤维对儿童营养状况有不同的影响。建议超重儿童减少谷物纤维和其他类型纤维的摄入量,适当增加豆类纤维的摄入量,可能有助于控制超重的发生。
Abstract
Objective To describe the relationship between different dietary fiber sources and nutritional status of children, in order to provide evidence for the prevention of childhood nutritional disease. Methods The body mass index (BMI) of 372 children aged 6 to 18 years who went to the nutrition clinic of the Children's Health Department of the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine for nutrition consultation due to nutritional imbalance from 2019 to 2023 was calculated, and the Z-value of BMI was obtained. Then children were divided into three groups: Low weight group, normal weight group and overweight group. Dietary intakes were also obtained based on previous use of a 3-day food diary, and dietary software was used to automatically determine the type of dietary fiber consumed. Children's dietary fiber intake and the three groups of children were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Logistic regression analysis. Results In the normal weight group, the overweight group and the low weight group, total dietary fiber, grain fiber, legumes fiber and other types of fibers were statistically significant among all groups (F=4.55, 10.67, 3.53,6.68, P<0.05). Pairwise comparison showed that compared with normal weight children, the intake of total dietary fiber, grain fiber and other types of fiber was significantly higher in overweight children (P <0.05), and there was no statistical difference in the intake of dietary fiber in children between low weight group and normal weight children (P>0.05). Logistic analysis found that children with a higher intake of grain fiber and other types of fiber were more likely to be overweight compared to normal children (OR=2.04, 1.96,P<0.05), and children with a higher intake of soy fiber were less likely to be overweight (OR=0.25,P<0.05). Conclusions Different kinds of fiber have different effects on the nutritional status of children. It is recommended that overweight children reduce their intake of grain fiber and other types of fiber, and appropriately increase their intake of legumes fiber, which may help control the occurrence of overweight.
关键词
膳食纤维 /
豆类纤维 /
谷类纤维 /
体质量指数 /
儿童
Key words
dietary fiber /
legumes fiber /
grain fiber /
body mass index /
children
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Bulsiewicz WJ. The importance of dietary fiber for metabolic health fiber[J]. Am J Lifestyle Med, 2023, 12;17(5):639-648.
[2] Barber TM, Kabisch S, Pfeiffer AFH, et al. The health benefits of dietary fiber[J]. Nutrients, 2020, 12(10):1-17.
[3] Wada K, Nagata C, Yamakawa M, et al. Association of dietary fiber intake with subsequent fasting glucose levels and indicators of adiposity in school-age Japanese children[J]. Public Health Nutr, 2023, 26(8):1617-1625.
[4] Alfawaz H, Khan N, Alhuthayli H, et al. Awareness and knowledge regarding the consumption of dietary fiber and its relation to self-reported health status in an adult arab population: A cross-sectional study[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(12):1-18.
[5] 《中华儿科杂志》编辑委员会, 中华医学会儿科学分会儿童保健学组. 中国儿童体格生长评价建议[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2015, 53(12):887-892.
[6] 首都儿科研究所, 九市儿童体格发育调查协作组, 李辉,等. 中国七岁以下儿童体重、身长/身高和头围的生长标准值及标准化生长曲线[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2009, 47(3):173-178.
Capital Pediatric Research Institute, Nine Cities Children Physical Development Investigation Cooperation Group, Li H, et al. Growth standard values and standardized growth curves for weight, body length/height, and head circumference of children under seven years of age in China[J]. Chin J Pediatr, 2009, 47(3):173-178.(in Chinese)
[7] 首都儿科研究所, 九市儿童体格发育调查协作组, 李辉,等. 中国七岁以下儿童身长/身高的体重和体块指数的生长标准值及标准化生长曲线[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2009, 47(4):281-285.
Capital Pediatric Research Institute, Nine Cities Children Physical Development Investigation Cooperation Group,Li H, et al. Growth standard values and standardized growth curves for weight, body length/height, and head circumference of children under seven years of age in China[J]. Chin J Pediatr, 2009, 47(4):281-285.(in Chinese)
[8] 李辉, 季成叶, 宗心南,等. 中国0~18岁儿童、青少年身高、体重的标准化生长曲线[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2009, 47(7):487-492.
Li H,Ji CY,Zong XN,et al.Standardized growth curve of body mass index in Chinese children aged 0 to 18 years[J]. Chin J Pediatr, 2009, 47(7):487-492.(in Chinese)
[9] 李辉, 季成叶, 宗心南,等. 中国0~18岁儿童、青少年体块指数的生长曲线[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2009, 47(7):493-498.
Li H, Ji CY, Zong XN,et al. Standardized growth curve of body mass index in Chinese children aged 0 to 18 years[J]. Chin J Pediatr, 2009,47(7):493-498.(in Chinese)
[10] WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study Group. WHO child growth standards:Length/height-for-age, weight-for-age,weight-for-length, weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age:Methods and development[R/OL]. [2007-06-01]. http://www.who.int/zh.
[11] de Onis M, Onyango A, Borghi E, et al. Woldwide implementation of the WHO child growth standards[J]. Public Health Nurt, 2012, 15(9):1603-1610.
[12] Khadilkar VV, Khadilkar AV, Choudhury P, et al. LAP growth monitoring guidelines for children from birth to 18 years[J]. Indian Pediatr, 2007, 44(3):187-197.
[13] 李辉.重视儿童生长评价与生长监测[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2010, 18(3):180-182.
Li H. Pay attention to children's growth evaluation and growth monitoring[J]. Chin J Child Health Care, 2010, 18(3):180-182.(in Chinese)
[14] Finn K, Jacquier E, Kineman B. Nutrient intakes and sources of fiber among children with low and high dietary fiber intake: The 2016 feeding infants and toddlers study (FITS), a cross-sectional survey[J]. BMC Pediatr, 2019, 19(1):1-11.
[15] Leung YY, Jin A, Tan KB, et al. Food sources of dietary fibre and risk of total kneereplacement related to severe os teoarthritis, the Singapore Chinese health study[J]. RMD Open, 2021, 7(2):1-9.
[16] Kaczmarczyk MM, Miller MJ, Freund GG. The health benefits of dietary fiber: Beyond the usual suspects of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and colon cancer[J]. Metabolism, 2012, 61(8):1058-1066.
[17] Harris S, Powers S, Monteagudo-Mera A, et al. Determination of the prebiotic activity of wheat arabinogalactan peptide (AGP) using batch culture fermentation[J]. Eur J Nutr 2020, 59(1):297-307.
[18] Botticella E, Savatin DV, Sestili F. The triple jags of dietary fibers in cereals: How biotechnology is longing for high fiber grains[J]. Front Plant Sci, 2021, 12:745579.
[19] Bai J, Li Y, Zhang W, et al. Effects of cereal fibers on short-chain fatty acids in healthy subjects and patients: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials[J]. Food Funct, 2021, 12(15):7040-7053.
[20] Wan Y, Tobias DK, Dennis KK, et al. Association between changes in carbohydrate intake and long term weight changes: Prospective cohort study[J]. BMJ, 2023, 382: e073939.
[21] Zhang Z, Chen B, Zeng J, et al. Associations between consumption of dietary fibers and the risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and mortality in Chinese adults: Longitudinal analyses from the China Health and Nutrition Survey[J]. Nutrients, 2022, 14(13):2650.
[22] Mu Y, Kou T, Wei B, et al. Soy products ameliorate obesity-related anthropometric indicators in overweight or obese Asian and non-menopausal women: A Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. Nutrients, 2019, 11(11):1-19.
[23] Xia Y, Zhang S, Zhang Q, et al. Insoluble dietary fibre intake is associated with lower prevalence of newly-diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese men: A large population-based cross-sectional study[J]. Nutr Metab, 2020, 17(4): 1-11.
[24] Mitchell D, Rumney J, Campbell J, et al. Increasing pulse intake improves diet quality in adults in the US (P18-114-19) [J]. Cur Dev Nutr, 2019, 3:1677.
[25] Wei B, Liu Y, Lin X, et al. Dietary fiber intake and risk of metabolic syndrome: A meta-analysis of observational studies[J]. Clin Nutr, 2018, 37(6 Pt A):1935-1942.
[26] Hörmann-Wallner M, Krause R, Alfaro B, et al. Intake of fiber-associated foods and texture preferences in relation to weight status among 9-12 years old children in 6 European countries[J]. Front Nut, 2021, 18(8):633807.
[27] Mirmiran P. A prospective study of different types of dietary fiber and risk of cardiovascular disease: Tehran lipid and glucose study[J]. Nutrients, 2016, 8(11):686-686.
PDF(533 KB)
