目的 调查15~18岁青少年负性情绪情况及力量素质,并分析两者间的关联,为改善青少年心理健康及力量素质水平提供参考依据。方法 2023年3月选取湖北、江西两地7个地级市28所城乡高中8 180名青少年进行调查。采用自编问卷收集基本人口学特征,负性情绪评估采用抑郁-焦虑-压力自评量表简版。采用χ2检验比较青少年力量素质不达标率在不同人口学特征组别的差异及与负性情绪的关联,运用二元Logistic回归分析推断青少年力量素质不达标率与负性情绪的关联强度。结果 青少年上肢、核心、下肢及综合力量不达标率分别为18.6%(1 520/8 180)、23.5%(1 926/8 180)、12.0%(1 984/8 180)、10.0%(816/8 180),负性情绪总检出率为17.5%(1 432/8 180)。青少年负性情绪与个体不同部位及综合力量素质均存在关联,其中抑郁及焦虑症状与上肢、下肢和综合力量不达标均呈正相关(抑郁症状,OR=1.47、1.55、1.72;焦虑症状,OR=1.35、1.46、1.46),压力症状与下肢力量不达标亦呈正相关(OR=1.97)(P<0.01)。此外,青少年负性情绪检出项目数与个体不同部位及综合力量素质不达标呈正相关(OR=1.42~2.30),其中仅有下肢力量不达标与检出项目数存在剂量反应关系(1项,OR=1.52,95%CI:1.23~1.88;2项,OR=1.65,95%CI:1.28~2.11;3项,OR=2.30,95%CI:1.60~3.31,P<0.05)。结论 青少年负性情绪症状可能是力量素质水平下降的危险因素,应重点关注青少年各种心理健康症状共患对于力量素质的影响。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the negative emotions and strength quality of 15- to 18-year-old adolescents, and to analyze the correlation between them, in order to provide reference for improving mental health and strength quality of adolescents. Methods A total of 8 180 adolescents from 28 urban and rural high schools in 7 prefecture-level cities in Hubei and Jiangxi province were investigated in March 2023. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect basic demographic characteristics and negative emotions were assessed using the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Self-rating Scale. χ2 test was used to compare the difference of the rate of substandard strength quality among different demographic groups and its association with negative emotions. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to infer the correlation between the rate of substandard strength quality and negative emotions among adolescents. Results The substandard rates of upper extremity, core, lower extremity and comprehensive strength were 18.6%(1 520/8 180), 23.5%(1 926/8 180), 12.0%(1 984/8 180) and 10.0%(816/8 180), respectively. The total detection rate of negative emotion was 17.5%(1 432/8 180).Negative emotions of adolescents were associated with different parts of the individual and comprehensive strength quality, among which depression and anxiety symptoms were positively correlated with upper limb, lower limb and comprehensive strength substandard(depression symptoms:OR=1.47、1.55、1.72 anxiety symptoms:OR=1.35,1.46,1.46), stress symptoms were also positively correlated with substandard lower limb strength(substandard lower limb strength, OR=1.97, P<0.01). In addition, there was a positive correlation between the number of negative emotion items detected and the number of sub-standard comprehensive strength qualities in different parts of the individual(OR: 1.42 - 2.30), and only the substandard strength of lower limbs had a dose-response relationship with the number of detected items(1 item:OR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.23 - 1.88; 2 items, OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.28 - 2.11; 3 items:OR=2.30, 95%CI: 1.60 - 3.31, P<0.05). Conclusions Adolescent negative emotional symptoms may be a risk factor for the decline of strength quality level.It is supposed to closely focus on the impact of comorbidity of multiple mental health symptoms on physical fitness of adolescents.
关键词
青少年 /
负性情绪 /
力量素质 /
关联
Key words
high school students /
negative emotions /
strength quality /
correlation
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基金
江西省社会科学“十四五”(2022年) 项目(22TY10)
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