目的 分析注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)伴阅读困难儿童的感觉统合功能及其与阅读困难的相关性,以期为改善ADHD儿童阅读能力、进行感觉统合训练提供新思路。方法 2019年6月—2021年6月于深圳市儿童医院儿童保健与心理健康中心就诊的ADHD儿童,随机选取345例,其中ADHD伴阅读障碍(共病组)274例,单纯ADHD组71例;同时选取深圳市中小学在读健康学生103例为对照组。采用单因素方差分析三组间感觉统合量表参数的差异;采用Pearson相关分析评价感觉统合评定分数与数字快速命名时间的相关性。结果 共病组或单纯ADHD组的前庭平衡功能(37.2±1.5、39.0±1.7)、发育期运动功能(41.6±1.4、44.4±1.6)、视觉空间(45.9±1.5、48.5±1.7)、重力不安全症(40.0±1.3、42.1±1.5)、学习情绪状态和对压力挫折敏感(42.3±1.3、42.7±1.6)得分均低于正常对照组,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。共病组的脑神经抑制功能(44.9±1.3)、触觉防御功能因子(48.9±1.3)得分低于单纯ADHD组(49.6±1.5,53.2±1.5),单纯ADHD组低于正常对照组(P<0.05)。2)共病组的数字快速命名时间与前庭平衡功能、视觉空间、触觉防御功能得分呈显著负相关(r=-0.201、-0.121、-0.126,P<0.05)。结论 ADHD儿童存在感觉统合功能失调,以共病组最显著,部分感觉统合因子与数字快速命名时间呈负相关。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the association between sensory integration function and developmental dyslexia in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, in order to privide new clues for improving reading ability and sensory integration function. Methods Totally 345 children diagnosed with ADHD in Shenzhen Children's Hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were randomly selected, including 274 ADHD children comorbid DD, 71 children with ADHD only. Meanwhile, 103healthy children were selected into control group. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the score of the sensory integration function among the three groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between sensory integration scores and rapid automatized naming (RAN). Results 1) The scores of vestibular balance(37.2±1.5,39.0±1.7), developmental dyskinesia (41.6±1.4, 44.4±1.6), spatial orientation(45.9±1.5, 48.5±1.7), proprioception(40.0±1.3, 42.1±1.5)and emotional response(42.3±1.3, 42.7±1.6) in ADHD children with or without dyslexia were not significantly different(P>0.05), which both were lower than those in control group(P<0.05). The scores of neurophysiological inhibition of the brain(44.9±1.3), tactile defense(48.9±1.3) in the comorbid group were lower than those in children with ADHD (49.6±1.5, 53.2±1.5), which were significantly lower in ADHD group than that in control group (P<0.05). 2) The score of rapid automatized naming was negatively related to vestibular balance, spatial orientation and tactile defense in the comorbid group (r=-0.201、 -0.121、-0.126, P<0.05). Conclusion Children with ADHD often have sensory integration dysfunction, most significantly in the children with ADHD comorbid DD, and some sensory integration indexes are negatively correlated with RAN.
关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍 /
发展性阅读障碍 /
感觉统合功能
Key words
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder /
developmental dyslexia /
sensory integration function
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基金
广东省高水平医院建设专项经费资助(ynkt2021-zz47)
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