目的 探究青少年人际困扰的现状及其与亲子沟通的关系,为改善青少年人际交往问题提供相应参考。方法 2022年5—7月在长沙市两所中学选取符合纳入标准的720名学生作为研究对象,用人际关系综合诊断量表(IRAS)评估青少年人际困扰,用青少年亲子沟通心理问卷(PACT)评估母子沟通和父子沟通,并分析亲子沟通对不同学段青少年人际困扰的影响。结果 青少年人际困扰总分为[8.00(4.00,13.00)]分,人际困扰总检出率为46.53%(335/720)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,专制型父亲教养方式(OR=8.750,95%CI:2.041～37.511,P＜0.05)是初中生出现人际困扰的独立危险因素,而母子沟通动力(OR=0.363)、母子沟通能力(OR=0.327)和父子沟通动力(OR=0.203)得分越高,初中生人际困扰的风险越低(P＜0.05);忽视型母亲教养方式(OR=6.575,95%CI:1.792～24.126,P＜0.05)是高中生人际困扰的独立危险因素,而母子沟通能力(OR=0.286)和父子沟通动力(OR=0.439)得分越高,高中生人际困扰的风险越低(P＜0.05)。结论 青少年人际关系困扰问题值得关注,改变教养方式及加强亲子沟通能有助于改善青少年人际困扰水平。
Abstract
Objective To identify the relationship between adolescent interpersonal distress and parent-child communication, in order to provide reference for improving teenagers' interpersonal communication ability. Methods From May to July 2022, totally 720 middle school students were selected into this study. Interpersonal Relationship Assessment Scale (IRAS) and Adolescent Parent-child Communication Psychological Questionnaire (PACT) were used to evaluate interpersonal distress and parent-child communication, respectively, then the association between the two in students at different grades was analyzed. Results The total score of interpersonal distress of middle school students was [8.00 (4.00,13.00)], and the detection rate of interpersonal distress was 46.53%(335/720). Logistic regression analysis showed that authoritarian paternal parenting style (OR=8.750, 95%CI:2.041 - 7.511, P＜0.05) was an independent risk factor for interpersonal distress in junior middle school students, while higher scores of mother-child communication motivation (OR=0.363), mother-child communication ability (OR=0.327) and parent-child communication motivation (OR=0.203) were associated with lower risk of interpersonal distress of junior middle school students (P＜0.05). Neglectful maternal parenting style (OR=6.575, 95%CI:1.792 - 24.126, P＜0.05) was an independent risk factor for interpersonal distress among senior high school students, while higher scores of mother-child communication ability (OR=0.286) and father-child communication motivation (OR=0.439) were related to lower risk of interpersonal distress among senior high school students (P＜0.05). Conclusions It is worth paying attention to the problem of adolescent interpersonal disturbance. Changing parenting style and strengthening parent-child communication can help improve the interpersonal problems of adolescents.
关键词
青少年 /
人际困扰 /
亲子沟通 /
父母教养方式
Key words
adolescents /
interpersonal distress /
parent-child communication /
parenting style
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基金
湖南省自然科学基金青年项目(2022JJ40737);中南大学湘雅二医院护理科研项目(2019-HLKY-26)
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