目的 探讨心理韧性与情绪平衡在日常压力与青少年抑郁之间的链式中介效应,为改善青少年抑郁等情绪问题提供理论依据。方法 于2022年9月采用青少年压力生活事件量表、 儿童青少年积极和消极情绪体验汉化版量表、心理韧性量表以及流调中心抑郁量表对黑龙江省某中学1 153 名初中生进行整群抽样调查。首先通过χ2检验和二元Logistic回归模型对抑郁症状的特征进行分析,然后采用结构方程模型来检验心理韧性与积极/消极情绪在日常压力与青少年抑郁之间的链式中介作用。结果 1 153名初中生中共有抑郁症状474例(41.1%),不同性别、年级、留守经历的初中生抑郁症状检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.12、9.71、13.89,P<0.05);日常压力和消极情绪得分越高,青少年抑郁症发生的风险越高(OR=1.03,95%CI:1.02~1.04;OR=1.12,95%CI:1.10~1.14),而积极情绪则是缓解青少年抑郁症发生的保护因素(OR=0.94,95%CI:0.92~0.96);心理韧性和积极、消极情绪在日常压力和青少年抑郁水平之间独立中介效应显著(中介效应分别为4.09%、5.22%、39.90%),链式中介作用也显著(中介效应分别为3.88%、4.13%)。结论 日常压力可直接预测青少年抑郁,还可通过心理韧性和情绪平衡的链式中介作用间接预测青少年的抑郁。
Abstract
Objective To explore the chain mediating effect of psychological resilience and emotional balance in the association between daily stress and adolescent depression, in order to provide a theoretical basis for improving adolescent depression and other emotional problems. Methods The Adolescent Stressful Life Events Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Scale for Children (PANAS-C), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) were used to investigate 1 153 middle school students from a middle school in Heilongjiang Province in September 2022 by a cluater sampling method. The characteristics of depressive symptoms were first analyzed by chi-square test and binary Logistic regression model, and then structural equation modeling was used to test the chain mediating role of psychological resilience and positive/negative emotions in the association between daily stress and adolescent depression. Results Among 1 153 junior high school students, 474 (41.1%) had depressive symptoms, and the detection rates of depreesion were significantly different among students with different gender, grade and left-behind experience (χ2=6.12, 9.71, 13.89, P<0.05). Higher scores of daily stress and negative emotions were risk factors for adolescent depression in the post-epidemic era (OR = 1.03, 95%CI: 1.02 - 1.04; OR = 1.12, 95%CI: 1.10 - 1.14), while positive emotions were protective factors for adolescent depression (OR = 0.94, 95%CI:0.92 - 0.96). Independent mediating effects of psychological resilience, positive and negative emotions in the association between daily stress and adolescent depressive symptoms levels were significant, and the mediating effects were 4.09%, 5.22% and 39.90%, respectively, as were the chain mediating effects (mediating effects were 3.88%, 4.13%). Conclusion Daily stress predicts adolescent depression directly and also indirectly through the chain mediating effects of psychological resilience and emotional balance.
关键词
日常压力 /
抑郁 /
心理韧性 /
情绪平衡 /
青少年
Key words
daily stress /
depression /
psychological resilience /
emotion balance /
adolescents
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基金
齐齐哈尔医学院社会科学基金重点项目(QYSKL2022-03ZD)
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