目的 分析广西壮族自治区南宁城区6～15岁儿童身高增长状况,为促进儿童身高发育提供依据。方法 2021年12月采用分层整群抽样方法对南宁市城区41所小学共25 225名6～15岁儿童体检身高数据进行分析,并与国内现行标准进行比较。结果 南宁市男童身高均值在10岁7月龄以前均低于全国标准,10岁7月龄后与全国标准身高差距逐步缩小,11岁1月龄～13岁6月龄间南宁市男童平均身高超过全国标准,13岁7月龄后南宁市男童身高均值再次落后于全国标准;南宁市女童身高均值多个年龄段均低于全国标准身高,且在9岁7月龄之前更明显。南宁市6～15岁男童身高≤-2s、≤-s、≥+s、≥+2s比例分别波动于2.59%~6.04%、12.09%~23.43%、7.18%~18.79%、0.93%~3.14%;总比例分别为4.56%、17.46%、11.35%、1.74%;各身高段最低/最高比例值分别在11~岁/8~岁、14~岁/8~岁、8~岁/12~岁、6~岁/11~岁;南宁市6～15岁女童≤-2s、≤-s、≥+s、≥+2s比例分别波动于2.06%~5.19%、9.35%~25.15%、8.21%~ 15.80%、1.23%~3.49%;总比例分别为3.38%、16.91%、11.97%、2.29%;各身高段最低/最高比例值分别在13~岁/6~岁、12~岁/6~岁、7~岁/12~岁、6~岁/11~岁。结论 南宁儿童整体身高水平仍较全国水平低,青春期前基础身高偏矮,青春期身高加速开始的年龄提前,且男童青春期身高加速持续时间较短。加强青春期前身高管理,重视儿童青春期发育开始和持续的时间,尤其是青春期男童身高发育问题,可以为本地区儿童成年终身高的改善提供帮助。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the height growth of children aged 6 - 15 years in Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, so as to provide evidence for the assessment of local children's height development. Methods A total of 25 225 children aged 6 - 15 years were selected to get their physical examination data from 41 primary schools in Nanning by stratified cluster sampling method in December 2021.Then the height data were compared with the current domestic standards. Results The average height of boys in Nanning was lower than the national standard before the age of 10 years and 7 months, and the gap with the national standard gradually narrowed after the age of 10 years and 7 months. The average height of boys in Nanning City exceeded the national standard between the age of 11 years and 1 month and 13 years and 6 months, and then lagged behind the national standard again after the age of 13 years and 7 months. The mean height of girls in Nanning City was lower than the national standard height in several age groups, and it was more obvious before the age of 9 years and 7 months. The proportion of height ≤-2s,≤-s,≥ +sand ≥+2s in boys aged 6 to 15 years in Nanning City fluctuated from 2.59% to 6.04%, 12.09% to 23.43%, 7.18% to 18.79% and 0.93% to 3.14%, respectively; the total proportions were 4.56%, 17.46%, 11.35% and 1.74%, respectively; the minimum/maximum proportion values of each height group were at 11 years old /8 years old, 14 years old/8 years old, 8 years old/12 years old, and 6 years old/11 years old, respectively. The proportions of girls aged 6 - 15 years in Nanning City with height ≤-2s, ≤-s, ≥+s, and ≥+2s fluctuated from 2.06% to 5.19%, 9.35% to 25.15%, 8.21% to 15.80% and 1.23% to 3.49%, respectively; the total proportions were 3.38%, 16.91%, 11.97% and 2.29%, respectively; and the minimum/maximum proportion values of each height group were at 13 years old/6 years old, 12 years old/6 years old, 7 years old/12 years old, and 6 years old/11 years old, respectively. Conclusions The overall height level of children in Nanning is still lower than the national level, with short prepubertal basal heights, an earlier age of onset of accelerated pubertal height, and a shorter duration of accelerated pubertal height in boys. Strengthening pre-pubertal height management and emphasizing the onset and duration of children's pubertal development, especially the height development of boys during puberty, can help improve the adult lifelong height of children in this region.
关键词
身高 /
全国标准 /
生长发育 /
儿童
Key words
height /
national standards /
growth and height development /
children
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82260952);中华国际医学交流基金会中国儿童生长发育学术交流专项基金(Z-2019-41-2101-02);广西壮族自治区中医药管理局自筹经费课题项目(20210400)
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