生命早期是脑发育的关键期,具有高度的可塑性。脑科学研究证据表明,养育照护环境与儿童大脑结构与功能、心理行为发育有关。在关键期内,良好的健康、充足的营养、回应性的照护、安全的保障和早期学习的机会为儿童脑发育提供所需的早期环境,促进儿童感觉、知觉、知觉动作、语言、认知、情绪、社会性等都认知能力发展,充分发挥儿童早期发展潜能。为促进儿童的健康发展,应开展脑科学指导下的养育照护,创造丰富而适宜的后天养育环境,支持儿童的早期发展尤其是大脑的发展。
Abstract
It has been widely recognized that the early stage of life is a critical period for brain development, which is of high plasticity. Evidence from brain science has demonstrated that nurturing care environment has an important influence on the structure and function of children's brains, as well as their psychological and behavioral development. During this critical stage, good health, adequate nutrition, responsive care, security and safety, and opportunities for early learning all together provide an early environment that children's brain development requires, and further promote the development of children's cognitive functions, including sensory, perceptual, sensorimotor, language, cognitive, emotional and social abilities, to fully make the rise of early developmental potential. Taken together, in an effort to promote children's health, it is of pivotal importance to widely carry out nurturing care under the guidance of brain science and also create an optimal caring environment to support early development and especially the development of the brain.
关键词
脑科学 /
养育照护 /
婴幼儿 /
早期发展
Key words
brain science /
nurturing care /
infants /
early childhood development
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参考文献
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基金
国家重点研发计划子课题(2016YFC1000204-6);江苏省科教强卫医学创新团队(CXTDA2017001);江苏省“六大人才高峰”高层次人才(WSN-165);南京市医学重点科技发展项目(zkx18044);南京医科大学专病队列项目(NMUC2018014A)
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