目的 分析儿童非器质性厌食症的影响因素,为提高家长对该病的认知,降低儿童非器质性厌食症的发病率提供依据。方法 选取2019年9月—2020年12月遵义医科大学附属医院儿童保健门诊体检及儿科门诊就诊的122例1～6岁儿童为研究对象,其中61例非器质性厌食症儿童设为厌食症组,61例正常体检儿童设为对照组。由儿童家属填写统一的问卷调查表,收集的数据采用单因素分析,对单因素分析结果有统计学差异的采用多因素Logistic分析。结果 非器质性厌食症儿童受气质类型(χ2=34.444)、婴儿期喂养方式(χ2=7.935)、添加辅食月龄(t=7.201)、进食时间(χ2=5.638)、是否边吃边玩(追着喂)(χ2=4.753)、是否偏食或挑食(χ2=4.848)、摄入零食情况(χ2=4.560)、血红蛋白(t=4.282)、微量元素、喂养人群(χ2=8.531)、喂养人文化程度(χ2=8.531)、教育方式(χ2=5.025)、是否强迫进食(χ2=8.505)及是否具有育儿知识(χ2=5.026)等因素影响(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,婴儿添加辅食晚(OR=6.922,95%CI:2.757～17.379,P＜0.001)、进食时间≥40min(OR=4.582,95%CI:1.041～20.161,P=0.044)为非器质性厌食症的独立危险因素。结论 儿童非器质性厌食症受多种因素影响,适时添加辅食,合理膳食,为儿童营造良好的进食环境,普及科学喂养知识,可降低儿童非器质性厌食症的患病率。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the influencing factors for children's non-organic anorexia, so as to provide reference for improving parents′ cognition and reducing the incidence of children's non-organic anorexia. Methods A total of 122 children aged 1 - 6 yearsfromSeptember 2019 to December 2020 were included in the study, of whom 61 children with non-organic anorexia were selected as theanorexia group and 61 children with normal physical examination were selected as the control group. A survey was completed by the families of the children by questionnaire. Univariate analysis was used to collect data, and multivariate Logistic analysis was used for the determinants additionally. Results Non-organic anorexia was influenced by factors such as temperament type (χ2=34.444), feeding patterns(χ2=7.935), age of adding supplementary food(t=7.201),eating duration (χ2=5.638), chase or tease during feeding (χ2=4.753), selective or picky eating (χ2=4.848), snack (χ2=4.560), hemoglobin level (t=4.282), trace elements, feeding caregivers(χ2=8.531), caregiver's education level(χ2=8.531),education mode(χ2=5.025), forced feeding(χ2=8.505) and parenting knowledge (χ2=5.026) (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the later time for adding complementary food (OR=6.922, 95%CI: 2.757 - 17.379,P＜0.001) and feeding duration≥40min (OR=4.582, 95%CI: 1.041 - 20.161, P=0.044) were independent risk factors for non-organic anorexia. Conclusions Non-organic anorexia in children is influenced by many factors. Timely addition of complementary foods, rational diet, creation of a good eating environment for children and popularization of scientific feeding knowledge can reduce the prevalence of non-organic anorexia nervosa in children.
关键词
非器质性厌食症 /
饮食行为 /
儿童
Key words
non-organic anorexia /
dietary behavior /
children
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基金
贵州省科技厅联合基金(黔科合LH字[2015]7518号);遵义市科技计划项目联合基金[遵市科合HZ字(2020)244号]
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