注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种儿童常见的神经发育性障碍。由于ADHD女童及女性大多没有外化的行为问题,并且大众对于ADHD症状存在刻板印象,因此有相当一部分ADHD女童及女性未得到及时诊断和治疗,导致其多种社会功能受损,增加了成年期的健康隐患。2020年,英国ADHD合作机构(The United Kingdom ADHD Partnership)发表了“ADHD女性患者:从全生命周期视角为识别和治疗患有注意缺陷/多动障碍的女童及女性提供指导的一份专家共识声明”,该共识首次提出从“全生命周期”的管理角度探讨ADHD女性患者的诊断和治疗方案,并提供了相关建议。本文就该专家共识进行解读,以期为女童及女性ADHD的识别、评估诊断、治疗及管理等方面提供相关帮助,改善其长期健康状况和临床预后。
Abstract
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. Since most girls and women with ADHD do not have externalized behavioral problems and the public has a stereotype of ADHD symptoms, a considerable number of girls and women with ADHD do not receive timely diagnosis and scientific treatment, resulting in a variety of social function impairment and increased health risks in adulthood. In 2020, The United Kingdom ADHD Partnership published "Females with ADHD:An expert consensus statement taking a lifespan approach providing guidance for the identification and treatment of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder in girls and women", which for the first time addresses the diagnosis and treatment of women with ADHD from a lifespan management perspective and provides recommendations. This paper interprets the expert consensus in order to provide relevant help for the identification, evaluation, diagnosis, treatment and management of ADHD in girls and women and improve their long-term health status and clinical prognosis.
关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍 /
女童 /
女性 /
全生命周期
Key words
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder /
girls /
female /
lifespan
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基金
西安市儿童医院院级课题项目(2020D13)
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