目的 了解北京市两区婴儿睡眠行为和睡眠问题现况并进行影响因素分析,为促进婴儿期睡眠健康提供科学依据。方法 采用整群抽样方法,于2021年6月1日-8月31日期间选取北京市两个区各2个街道/乡镇社区卫生服务中心,并随机抽取894例常住婴儿,对其养护人进行问卷调查,内容包括一般情况和婴儿睡眠状况。结果 婴儿与家人同床睡眠比例为55.0%,41.1%为同屋但不同床睡眠;侧卧和仰卧睡眠比例分别为48.1%和46.9%;奶睡和摇/抱睡分别占50.5%和28.7%。婴儿睡眠问题发生率为65.9%,常见有入睡困难(26.0%)、夜醒≥4次(13.0%)和夜哭(12.8%),昼夜颠倒比例为8.9%。多因素分析显示,昼夜颠倒(OR=2.479,95%CI:1.341~4.584)和夜醒(OR=3.097,95%CI:1.873~5.122)是夜哭的危险因素,而婴儿睡眠困难一般(OR=0.237,95%CI:0.087~0.646)、稍有困难(OR=0.190,95%CI:0.072~0.499)、无困难(OR=0.112,95%CI:0.042~0.294)是夜哭的保护因素。结论 北京地区婴儿以同床睡眠、奶睡/抱睡为主,睡眠问题发生率较高,睡眠节律紊乱会增加夜哭,需要面向家长加强婴儿期睡眠健康宣教和指导工作。
Abstract
Objective To understand the status of infant sleep behavior and sleep problems in Beijing, and to analyze possible influencing factors, in order to provide reference for the promotion of sleep health in infancy. Methods Community health service centers in two townships in 2 districts from urban and suburban areas were selected from June 1st,2021 to August 31st,2021 in Beijing, by using the cluster sampling method.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 894 resident caregivers to collect general information and infant sleep status. Results Totally 55.0% of infants and caregivers shared the same bed,41.1% of them slept in different beds within the same room.The proportion of infants sleeping on their sides and supine was 48.1% and 46.9%, respectively; and 50.5% and 28.7% for milk sleep and being rocked/cuddled to sleep, respectively.The detection rate of infant sleep problems was 65.9%, and the common sleep problems included difficulty in falling asleep(26.0%), night awakening(13.0%), night crying(12.8%) and circadian rhythm disorder (8.9%).Multivariate analysis showed that circadian rhythm disorder (OR=2.479,95%CI:1.341 - 4.584) and night awakening (OR=3.097,95%CI:1.873 - 5.122) were risk factors for night crying, while infants with fewer (OR=0.237, 95%CI:0.087 - 0.646), few sleep problems(OR=0.190, 95%CI: 0.072 - 0.499) and without sleep problems(OR=0.112, 95%CI: 0.042 - 0.294) were protective factors for night crying. Conclusions Infants in Beijing mainly sleep with bed-sharing, milking and cuddling,with high prevalence of sleep problems.Sleep rhythm disorder may increase the incidence of night crying, so it is necessary to strengthen the education and guidance of infant sleep health for parents.
关键词
婴儿 /
同床睡眠 /
睡眠问题 /
夜哭
Key words
infant /
bedsharing /
sleep problems /
night crying
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