非自杀性自伤(NSSI)在各国青少年群体中均有很高的发生率,且其发生率正逐年上升,已成为现阶段全球公认的影响青少年身心健康的重大公共卫生问题之一,备受国内外广大专家、学者的关注与重视。然而,其发生机制尚不明确,目前的研究也正处于初级阶段。据目前研究显示,NSSI的影响因素主要有个体因素、环境因素和神经生物学因素。家庭作为青少年成长过程中最重要的外部环境,在青少年身心发展中起着至关重要的作用。良好的家庭环境能在一定程度上预防和减少青少年NSSI等风险行为的发生, 并可能成为未来早期干预工作的一个重要途径。本文拟对近年来国内外相关文献进行综述,为下一步研究家庭因素对青少年NSSI行为的影响提供思路,同时为临床干预和治疗提供参考。
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is very common among adolescents all over the world, and the incidence is increasing year by year. It has become one of the major public health problems affecting the physical and mental health of adolescents, and has attracted attention of the majority of experts and scholars at home and abroad. However, the mechanism of NSSI is not clear, the current research is in the preliminary stage, and the understanding of NSSI is not uniform in the world. According to current studies, the risk factors of NSSI mainly include individual factors, environmental factors and neurobiological factors. Family, as the most important external environment during adolescents' growth, plays a vital role in their physical and mental development. A good family environment can prevent NSSI and other risk behaviors of adolescents to some extent, and may become an important approach for early intervention in the future. This paper intends to review the relevant literature at home and abroad in recent years, so as to provide ideas for further research on the influence of family factors on adolescents' NSSI behavior, and to provide reference for clinical intervention and treatment.
关键词
非自杀性自伤 /
青少年 /
教养方式 /
家庭依恋 /
情感表达 /
家庭亲密度 /
家庭治疗
Key words
non-suicidal self-injury /
adolescents /
parenting style /
family attachment /
emotion expression /
family cohesion /
family-based therapy
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基金
杭州市农业与社会发展科研项目(20201203B189)
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