目的 了解0~36月龄婴幼儿肠道菌群的变化特点以及0～6月龄是否纯母乳喂养对肠道菌群定植的影响。方法 于2021年1—4月,在北京市海淀区、昌平区及通州区招募0~36月龄健康单胎婴幼儿并收集新鲜粪便,最终纳入291例婴幼儿作为研究对象,并将77例6～36月龄的婴幼儿按照目前是否仍喂养母乳分为持续母乳喂养组和已断奶组,分析0～6月龄是否纯母乳喂养对肠道菌群的影响。利用Illumina Novaseq 6000测序平台对16S rRNA V4区进行测序。结果 1)婴幼儿肠道菌群的多样性和物种组成随年龄变化,Shannon指数随月龄呈现上升趋势。在门水平上,肠道菌群主要由变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)及拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)组成,新生儿中变形菌门丰富度最高,但随着月龄增加,厚壁菌逐渐替代变形菌成为主要优势菌。2) 在6～36月龄的婴幼儿中,若6月龄之前的喂养方式均为纯母乳喂养,那么断奶之后Shannon指数和Observed-OTUs指数高于持续母乳喂养的婴幼儿(Z=-2.400, P=0.015);在6～36月龄已断奶的婴幼儿中,6月龄之前纯母乳喂养婴幼儿肠道菌群的Shannon指数高于混合喂养(Z=-2.500, 杜拉拉P=0.011)。结论 婴幼儿肠道菌群多样性及构成随月龄变化明显,并且0～6月龄是否纯母乳喂养影响婴幼儿肠道菌群的多样性。
Abstract
Objective To understand the changing characteristics of the intestinal flora of infants aged 0 to 36 months, and to explore the effect of exclusive breastfeeding on the colonization of intestinal flora from 0 to 36 months of age. Methods From January to April 2021, 291 healthy singleton infants and toddlers aged 0 to 36 months were enrolled in this study, and their fresh stools were collected in Haidian, Changping and Tongzhou districts of Beijing.The 77 infants aged 6 to 36 months were divided into the continuous breastfeeding group and the weaned group according to whether they were exclusive breastfeeding or not, then the effect of exclusive breastfeeding on the subsequent intestinal flora was analyzed.The 16S rRNA V4 region was sequenced using Illumina Novaseq 6000 sequencing platform. Results 1) The diversity and species composition of intestinal flora in infants changed with age, and Shannon index showed an increasing trend with age.At the phylum level, the intestinal flora was mainly composed of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes.The abundance of Proteobacteria was the highest in newborns, but Firmicutes gradually replaced Proteobacteria as the dominant bacteria with the increase of age.2) If infants were exclusively breastfed before 6 months old, then the Shannon index and Observed-OTUs index after weaning of infants aged 6 to 36 months were higher than those continuously breastfed (Z=-2.400, P=0.015).Among weaned infants aged 6 to 36 months, the Shannon index of intestinal flora was higher in infants exclusively breastfed before 6 months old than that in infants mixed-fed before 6 months old (Z=-2.500, P=0.011). Conclusion The diversity and composition of the intestinal flora of infants vary significantly with age, and whether exclusive breastfeeding at 0 to 6 months old affects the diversity of intestinal flora in infants.
关键词
肠道菌群 /
高通量测序 /
纯母乳喂养 /
婴幼儿
Key words
intestinal flora /
high-throughput sequencing /
exclusive breastfeeding /
infants
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基金
国家自然科学基金(81973110、82073572);北京市属医学科研院所公益发展改革试点项目(京医研2019-11)
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