目的 探讨祖辈、父辈喂养行为差异及其与学龄前儿童进食行为的关系,进一步明晰喂养人身份、喂养行为对进食行为的可能影响。方法 2020年5月-2021年1月,选择上海市浦东新区8所幼儿园和2处社区卫生服务中心的学龄前儿童的主要喂养人进行问卷调查。根据主要喂养人身份,采用1∶2倾向性评分匹配,形成祖辈组(72例)和父辈组(144例)。结果 祖辈组和父辈组在饮食内容限制(t=4.72, P＜0.001)和饮食行为限制(t=2.13, P=0.036)维度得分的差异有统计学意义,其对应儿童在主动进食能力(t=-4.76, P＜0.001)、外因性进食(t=-5.07, P＜0.001)和情绪性进食(t=1.99, P=0.050)维度得分的差异有统计学意义。多变量方差分析发现,喂养人的饮食行为限制(F=1.82,P=0.086)、鼓励健康饮食(F=2.46,P=0.019)和饮食内容限制(F=3.69,P=0.001)对学龄前儿童进食行为有显著预测作用,喂养人身份与儿童进食行为之间无统计学关联(P＞0.10)。结论 与祖辈相比,父辈喂养人更频繁地使用饮食行为限制和饮食内容限制,喂养行为而非喂养人身份与学龄前儿童的进食行为显著相关。
Abstract
Objective To explore the differences in feeding behaviors between grandparents and parents, and to analyze its correlation with preschoolers′ eating behaviors, so as to further clarify the possible influence of caregivers′ identity and feeding behaviors on eating behaviors. Methods From May 2020 to January 2021, a survey was conducted among primary caregivers of preschoolers from 8 kindergartens and 2 community health service centers in Pudong New Area, Shanghai.The propensity score matching with a ratio of 1∶2 was used to form the grandparents group (n=72) and the parents group (n=144) according to primary caregivers′ identity. Results There were statistically significant differences between grandparents and parents in content-restricted feeding (t=4.72, P＜0.001), behavior-restricted feeding (t=2.13, P=0.036), children′s initiative eating (t=-4.76, P＜0.001), exogenous eating (t=-5.07, P＜0.001) and emotional eating (t=1.99, P=0.050).Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that behavior-restricted feeding (F=1.82,P=0.086), encouraging healthy eating (F=2.46,P=0.019) and content-restricted feeding (F=3.69,P=0.001) had significant predictive effects on eating behaviors.There was no statistical correlation between primary caregivers′ identity and eating behaviors of preschoolers (P＞0.10). Conclusions Parents use content-restricted feeding and behavior-restricted feeding more frequently than grandparents.Primary caregivers′ feeding behaviors, rather than their identity, are significantly related to eating behaviors of preschoolers.
关键词
祖辈 /
父辈 /
喂养行为 /
进食行为 /
学龄前儿童 /
多变量方差分析
Key words
grandparents /
parents /
feeding behavior /
eating behavior /
preschool children /
multivariate analysis of variance
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Tan CC, Domoff SE, Pesch MH, et al.Coparenting in the feeding context:perspectives of fathers and mothers of preschoolers[J].Eat Weight Disord-ST, 2020, 25(4):1061-1070.
[2] 中国营养学会膳食指南修订专家委员会妇幼人群指南修订专家工作组.学龄前儿童膳食指南(2016)[J].临床儿科杂志, 2017, 35(2):158-160.
[3] 袁飒, 陈艳妮, 应艳红, 等.儿童饮食行为问题与家庭饮食环境的关系研究[J].实用预防医学, 2020, 27(3):332-335.
[4] 张建化.长沙市部分学龄前儿童饮食行为问题状况及其影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学, 2020, 47(14):2555-2558, 2562.
[5] 纪文静, 杜娟, 李雪玲, 等.1～6岁儿童饮食行为问题的发生情况及影响因素分析[J].中华流行病学杂志, 2020, 41(11):1818-1823.
[6] 袁静, 杨显君, 张昊, 等.学龄前儿童照护人喂养行为与儿童饮食行为相关性研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2019, 27(3):244-247.
[7] Lindsay AC, Mesa T, Greaney ML, et al.Associations between maternal depressive symptoms and nonresponsive feeding styles and practices in mothers of young children:a systematic review[J].JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 2017, 3(2):e29.
[8] Jansen PW, de Barse LM, Jaddoe VWV, et al.Bi-directional associations between child fussy eating and parents′ pressure to eat:Who influences whom?[J].Physiol Behav, 2017, 176:101-106.
[9] Wood AC, Blissett JM, Brunstrom JM, et al.Caregiver influences on eating behaviors in young children:a scientific statement from the American heart association[J].J Am Heart Assoc, 2020, 9(10):e014520.
[10] Powell EM, Frankel LA, Hernandez DC.The mediating role of child self-regulation of eating in the relationship between parental use of food as a reward and child emotional overeating[J].Appetite, 2017, 113:78-83.
[11] 蔡正杰, 鲜金利, 李婷婷, 等.祖辈带养对学龄前儿童饮食行为、身体活动和超重肥胖的影响[J].现代预防医学, 2020, 47(18):3326-3329.
[12] 章志红, 朱小康, 廖承红, 等.学龄前儿童家长喂养行为及其影响因素分析[J].中国妇幼保健, 2015, 30(17):2784-2787.
[13] Pesch MH, Appugliese DP, Miller AL, et al.Approaches to restrictive feeding:Associations with child weight and eating behavior[J].Eat Behav, 2018, 31:74-79.
[14] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.WS/T424-2013人群健康监测人体测量方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2013.
[15] 袁静, 张昊, 徐通, 等.学龄前儿童父母喂养行为量表的编制与评价[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2018, 26(5):483-487.
[16] 张昊, 杨显君, 江逊, 等.基于多维项目反应理论的学龄前儿童饮食行为量表的再评价[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2019, 27(3):236-240.
[17] 秦瑞.农村隔代教养下的2~3岁儿童饮食行为问题个案研究[D].沈阳:辽宁师范大学, 2017.
[18] 管梦雪, 周楠.国内学前儿童饮食行为研究进展[J].中国公共卫生, 2020, 36(5):845-848.
[19] Lo K, Cheung C, Lee A, et al.Associations between Parental Feeding Styles and Childhood Eating Habits:a survey of Hong Kong pre-school children[J].PLoS One, 2015, 10(4):e0124753.
[20] Carnell S, Benson L, Driggin E, et al.Parent feeding behavior and child appetite:associations depend on feeding style[J].Int J Eat Disorder, 2014, 47(7):705-709.
[21] Birch LL, Fisher JO, Grimm-Thomas K, et al.Confirmatory factor analysis of the Child Feeding Questionnaire:a measure of parental attitudes, beliefs and practices about child feeding and obesity proneness[J].Appetite, 2001, 36(3):201-210.
[22] Liu WH, Mallan KM, Mihrshahi S, et al.Feeding beliefs and practices of Chinese immigrant mothers.Validation of a modified version of the Child Feeding Questionnaire[J].Appetite, 2014, 80:55-60.
[23] 王斐, 李晓南.环境干预对儿童肥胖影响的研究进展[J].中国学校卫生, 2011, 32(6):766-768.
[24] 戴杨, 徐通, 马永红, 等.学龄前儿童饮食行为及其影响因素研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2018, 26(3):243-246.
[25] 袁静, 张昊, 徐通, 等.照护人喂养行为和儿童饮食行为对儿童体重的影响[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2020, 28(6):627-632.
基金
2019年国家社科基金年度项目(19BSH070)
PDF(596 KB)
