目的 研究学龄前孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童情绪行为问题与饮食行为问题,并对该群体中两者的关系进行初步探究。方法 2020年8月—2021年4月使用长处和困难问卷(SDQ,父母版)和学龄前儿童饮食行为问卷(PEBQ)对150例学龄前ASD儿童情绪行为问题及饮食行为问题展开评估,利用Logistic回归分析探究两者关系。结果 学龄前ASD儿童常见的情绪行为问题检出率分别为:同伴交往问题(86.0%)、社会行为问题(72.7%)、多动问题(51.3%)。常见的饮食行为问题检出率分别为:主动进食能力不足(83.3%)、挑食(57.3%)、情绪性进食(42.0%)。品行问题是学龄前ASD儿童食物响应问题(OR=3.48, 95%CI:1.04~11.63)和情绪性进食(OR=6.11, 95%CI:1.56~23.86)的危险因素。社会行为问题是学龄前ASD儿童挑食(OR=3.07,95%CI:1.40~6.74)和主动进食不足(OR=5.32,95%CI:1.25~22.70)的危险因素,多动问题是学龄前ASD儿童挑食(OR=3.40,95%CI:1.65~7.00)和不良饮食习惯(OR=4.29,95%CI:1.55~11.88)的危险因素。结论 学龄前ASD儿童情绪行为问题及饮食行为问题均较严重。学龄前ASD儿童情绪行为问题与挑食、主动进食能力不足、食物响应问题、不良饮食习惯及情绪性进食有关。
Abstract
Objective To investigate emotional and behavior problems and dietary behavior problems in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and to explore the relationship between them. Methods From August 2020 to April 2021, 150 preschool ASD children were evaluated by parent version of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Preschoolers' Eating Behavior Questionnaire (PEBQ) to know about their emotional and behavioral problems and dietary behavior problems. The relationship between emotional and behavior problems and dietary behavior problems was analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results In terms of the common emotional and behavior problems, the detection rates of peer interaction problems, social behavioral problems and hyperactivity were 86.0%, 72.7% and 51.3%, respectively. The rate of common dietary behavior problems was as follows:lack of the active eating ability (83.3%), picky eating (57.3%), emotional eating (42.0%).Conduct problem was a risk factor for food response problem (OR=3.48, 95%CI:1.04 - 11.63) and emotional eating (OR=6.11, 95%CI=1.56 - 23.86). Social behavioral problems were risk factors for picky eating (OR=3.07,95%CI:1.40 - 6.74)and lack of eating initiative(OR=5.32,95%CI:1.25 - 22.70). Hyperactivity was the risk factor for picky eating (OR=3.40,95%CI:1.65 - 7.00) and bad eating habits(OR=4.29,95%CI:1.55 - 11.88). Conclusions Emotional and behavior problems and dietary behavior problems of preschool ASD children are relatively serious. Emotional and behavior problems are associated with picky eating, lack of the active eating ability, food response problems, bad eating habits and emotional eating in preschool ASD children.
关键词
孤独症谱系障碍 /
学龄前儿童 /
情绪行为 /
饮食行为
Key words
autism spectrum disorder /
preschool children /
emotional and behavior problems /
dietary behaviors
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