目的 分析湖南省农村地区婴幼儿辅食喂养现状及其影响因素,为科学实施营养干预和婴幼儿喂养指导提供依据。 方法 通过WHO《婴幼儿喂养评估指标》中最小膳食种类(MDD)合格率、最小膳食频次(MMF)合格率和最低可接受膳食(MAD)合格率3个指标来评价辅食喂养的合理性,用多因素Logistic回归分析辅食喂养的相关因素。 结果 6~23月龄婴幼儿MDD、MMF、MAD合格率分别为62.3％、75.1％、44.0％。相对于6~11月龄,12~17、18~23月龄婴幼儿MDD不合格的OR值分别为0.234、0.105,12~17、18~23 月龄婴幼儿MAD不合格的OR值分别为0.429、0.400;相对于家长营养与健康知识和态度评分小于60分组,60~79分组婴幼儿MDD、MMF、MAD不合格的OR值分别为0.691、0.648、0.662,80~100分组婴幼儿MDD、MMF、MAD不合格的OR值分别为0.560、0.400、0.480;地区经济水平低是婴幼儿MMF、MAD不合格的危险因素。结论 湖南省农村地区婴幼儿辅食喂养有待改善,低月龄、家长营养与健康知识缺乏、地区经济水平低是辅食喂养不合理的高危因素。
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the quality and associated factors that potentially affect complementary feeding practice in rural areas of Hunan, in order to provide reference for scientific nutritional intervention and guidance for infant feeding. Methods Three indicators minimum dietary diversity(MDD), minimum meal frequency(MMF) and minimum acceptable diet(MAD) were used to evaluate the rationality of complementary feeding.Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relevant factors. Results The eligibility rates of MDD, MMF and MAD for children aged 6—23 months were 62.3%, 75.1% and 44.0%.Compared with children aged 6—11 months, children aged 12—17 and 18—23 months had a lower risk for ineligible MDD(OR=0.234, 0.105) and ineligible MAD(OR=0.429, 0.400).Compared with parents who scored less than 60 in knowledge and attitude towards nutrition and health, parents who scored 60—79(OR=0.691, 0.648, 0.662) and 80—100(OR=0.560, 0.400, 0.480) had a lower risk for ineligible MDD, MMF and MAD.Poor economic condition was a risk factor for complementary feeding of infants. Conclusions The complementary feeding of infants and young children in rural areas of Hunan needs to be improved.Younger month-age, lack of parental knowledge about nutrition and health and low regional economic level are high-risk factors for improper complementary feeding.
关键词
农村地区 /
辅食喂养 /
婴幼儿 /
横断面研究
Key words
rural areas /
complementary feeding /
infants and young children /
cross-sectional study
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基金
湖南省卫生健康委科研计划项目(20201924)
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