目的 分析父母身高对7岁以下儿童身高的影响效应,为个体儿童生长评估提供参考依据。方法 以“2015年中国九市7岁以下儿童体格发育调查”中父母身高信息完整的161 297名儿童为分析对象,参照中国儿童身高标准计算儿童身高、父亲身高、母亲身高和父母身高中值的Z分值,采用Spearman方法分析儿童身高与父身高、母身高、父母身高中值的相关性,并按父母身高分组,比较各组儿童身高的差异。 结果 1)儿童身高与父身高、母身高和父母身高中值正相关(r=0.13~0.42,P<0.05),且与父母身高中值的相关系数最高;2)按父母身高中值分为矮身材、偏矮、中等偏下、中等偏上、较高、高身材6组,各组儿童平均身高依次递增,父母矮身材组儿童身高比父母高身材组低1.9~14.7 cm,年龄越大差值越大;3)父母身高偏矮组子女身高第3百分位(P3)比中国儿童身高标准P3低0.6~4.8 cm,而父母较高身材组P3则比身高标准P3高0.6~4.7 cm;4)父母矮身材、偏矮、中等偏下、中等偏上、较高和高身材组的儿童身高Z分值与父母身高中值Z分值差值依次为1.27±0.99、0.61±0.92、0.18±0.89、-0.19±0.90、-0.61±0.93、-1.17±0.92。结论 7岁以下儿童身高与父母身高正相关;矮身材父母的子女身高明显低于高身材父母子女;矮身材父母子女身高高于家庭遗传身高;个体儿童身高评估和解释时,不可忽视父母身高的影响作用。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the effect of parental height on the height of children under 7 years old, in order to provide evidence for individual growth evaluation. Methods A total of 161 297 children with completed parental height information, who were from The National Survey on Physical Growth and Development of Children Under 7 Years in The Nine Cities in 2015, were analyzed.The Z-scores of children's height, father's height, mother's height, and mid-parental height were calculated.The Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between children's height and father's height, mother's height and mid-parental height.All the children were divided into 6 groups according to their mid-parental height and their differences of children's height in each group were compared. Results 1) Children's height was positively correlated with father's height, mother's height and mid-parental height(r=0.13—0.42, P<0.05), and the correlation coefficient with mid-parental height was the highest.2) According to their mid-parental height, the children were divided into six groups:short stature, slightly short stature, low-medium stature, upper-medium stature, slightly tall stature and tall stature.The average height of children in each group increased sequentially from parental short stature to parental tall stature.The children's height in the parental short stature group was 1.9—14.7 cm lower than that in the parental tall stature group, and the differences increased with age.3) The third percentile (P3) of children's height in the parental slightly short stature group was 0.6—4.8 cm lower than that the P3 of Chinese children's height standards, while the P3 of children's height in the parental slight tall stature group was 0.6—4.7 cm higher than that of the height standards.4) The average differences between the children's height Z score and the mid-parental height Z score in the parental short stature, parental slightly short stature, parental low-medium stature, parental upper-medium stature, parental slightly tall stature and parental tall stature group were 1.27±0.99, 0.61±0.92, 0.18±0.89,-0.19±0.90,-0.61±0.93, and-1.17±0.92, respectively. Conclusions The height of children under 7 years old is positively correlated with their parental height.The height of children with parental short stature is lower than that of children with parental tall stature, and the children's height are higher than the genetic height of the family among the children with parental short stature, which suggested that the influence of parental height should not be ignored when evaluating and explaining the height of individual children.
关键词
儿童 /
身高 /
父母身高中值 /
矮身材 /
高身材
Key words
children /
height /
mid-parental height /
short stature /
tall stature
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Wood AR, Esko T, Yang J, et al.Defining the role of common variation in the genomic and biological architecture of adult human height[J].Nat Genet, 2014,46(11):1173-1186.
[2] Voigt M, Meyer-Kahrweg LM, Landau-Crangle E, et al.Individualized birth length and head circumference percentile charts based on maternal body weight and height[J].J Perinat Med, 2020,48(7):656-664.
[3] Garza C, Borghi E, Onyango AW, et al.Parental height and child growth from birth to 2 years in the WHO multicentre growth reference study[J].Matern Child Nutr, 2013,9 (Suppl2):58-68.
[4] Jelenkovic A, Sund R, Hur YM, et al.Genetic and environmental influences on height from infancy to early adulthood:an individual-based pooled analysis of 45 twin cohorts[J].Sci Rep, 2016,6:28496.
[5] 徐瑞芬, 董波.505名青年学生身高与其父母身高的关系[J].中国优生与遗传杂志, 2005,13(1):119-120.
[6] 张绍岩, 张继业, 刘钢, 等.以父母身高中值修正的中国5城市儿童身高生长图表的制订[J].中国实用儿科杂志, 2009,24(1):41-45.
[7] 首都儿科研究所, 九市儿童体格发育调查协作组.2015年中国九市七岁以下儿童体格发育调查[J].中华儿科杂志, 2018,56(3):192-199.
[8] 李辉, 季成叶, 宗心南, 等.中国0～18岁儿童、青少年身高、体重的标准化生长曲线[J].中华儿科杂志, 2009,47(7):487-492.
[9] Tanner JM, Goldstein H, Whitehouse RH.Standards for children's height at ages 2-9 years allowing for heights of parents[J].Arch Dis Child, 1970,45(244):755-762.
[10] Cole TJ.A simple chart to identify non-familial short stature[J].Arch Dis Child, 2000,82(2):173-176.
[11] Ouarezki Y, Cizmecioglu FM, Mansour C, et al.Measured parental height in Turner syndrome-a valuable but underused diagnostic tool[J].Eur J Pediatr, 2018,177(2):171-179.
[12] Cole TJ.Galton's midparent height revisited[J].Ann Hum Biol, 2000,27(4):401-405.
[13] Wingerd J, Solomon IL, Schoen EJ.Parent-specific height standards for preadolescent children of three racial groups, with method for rapid determination[J].Pediatrics, 1973,52(4):555-560.
[14] Botton J, Heude B, Maccario J, et al.Parental body size and early weight and height growth velocities in their offspring[J].Early Hum Dev, 2010,86(7):445-450.
[15] van Dommelen P, Schönbeck Y, van Buuren S.A simple calculation of the target height[J].Arch Dis Child, 2012,97(2):182.
[16] Lipman TH, Cousounis P, Grundmeier RW, et al.Electronic health record mid-parental height auto-calculator for growth assessment in primary care[J].Clin Pediatr (Phila), 2016,55(12):1100-1106.
[17] Barstow C, Rerucha C.Evaluation of short and tall stature in children[J].Am Fam Physician, 2015,92(1):43-50.
[18] Tanner JM.Normal growth and techniques of growth assessment[J].Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1986,15(3):411-451.
基金
国家卫生计生委妇幼健康服务司委托项目(2015-42); 北京市医院管理中心儿科学科协同发展中心专项经费资助(XTZD20180403)
PDF(986 KB)
