目的 分析2012-2018年柳州市新生儿低出生体重(LBW)发生率变化趋势及影响因素,为降低LBW的发生提供参考依据。方法 对柳州市妇幼卫生信息管理系统收集的2012-2018年柳州市住院分娩394 225例活产新生儿出生信息进行回顾性分析,用趋势χ2检验分析LBW发生率的时间变化趋势,用Logistic回归分析探讨LBW的危险因素。结果 2012-2018年柳州市LBW发生率呈下降趋势,2018年(6.04%)比2014年的峰值(6.66%)下降了9.31%。40～55岁组母亲分娩LBW的风险比25～29岁组高84%,壮族母亲分娩LBW的风险比汉族母亲高4%,文化程度在小学及以下的母亲分娩LBW的风险比大学及以上的母亲高62%,非常住本市母亲分娩LBW的风险比常住本市母亲高99%,初产妇分娩LBW的风险比第2产母亲高56%。2012-2018年柳州市出生胎龄28～42周单胎新生儿SGA发生率为12.31%(早产SGA+足月SGA)。早产SGA新生儿都是LBW,早产AGA和足月SGA新生儿中LBW分别占47.95%、16.97%。结论 2012-2018年柳州市LBW发生率呈下降趋势,但仍高于全国平均水平。LBW的发生受多因素影响,应针对相关危险因素采取预防和干预措施以降低LBW发生率。
Abstract
Objective To describe and analyze the trends and risk factors of the incidence rate of low birth weight (LBW) infants, so as to provide evidence for reducing the incidence of LBW. Methods Birth data of 394 225 births born in Liuzhou between 2012 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The χ2 test for trend was used to test the difference of LBW among years. Logistic regression model was adopted to identify significant risk factors associated with LBW. Results The incidence rate of LBW in Liuzhou from 2012 to 2018 was decreasing, with the highest and lowest incidence rates of 6.04% and 6.66% in the year 2014 and 2018, respectively. The risk of LBW among mothers aged 40 to 55 years was 84% higher than that of the mothers aged 25 to 29 years.The risk of LBW among Zhuang mothers was 4% higher than that of Han mothers.The risk of LBW among mothers with education level of elementary school and below was 62% higher than that of mothers with bachelor degree or higher. The risk of LBW among non-resident mothers was 99% higher than that of resident mothers, and the risk of LBW among primiparous mothers was 56%higher than that of multiparous mothers. During the period 2012 - 2018, 12.31% of the singleton births at 28 - 42 weeks were SGA infants, including preterm SGA and term SGA. While all the preterm SGA infants were LBW, 47.95% of preterm AGA and 16.97% of term SGA infants were LBW. Conclusions The incidence of LBW in Liuzhou shows a decreasing trend from 2012 to 2018, but is higher than the national average level. The occurrence of LBW is influenced by multiple factors, and preventive and intervention measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of LBW by targeting relevant risk factors.
关键词
低出生体重儿 /
早产儿 /
小于胎龄儿 /
适于胎龄儿 /
发病趋势
Key words
low birth weight /
preterm birth /
small for gestational age /
appropriate for gestational age /
trend
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基金
广西卫健委自筹经费科研课题(Z20190263);广西科技重点研发计划(桂科AB18126056);柳州科技重点研发计划(2018BJ10301)
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