目的 分析父母视屏时间和限制儿童屏幕使用行为对儿童视屏时间的联合作用, 探究父母控制自身视屏时间结合对儿童视屏时间的限制行为是否能更有效地控制儿童视屏时间,为促进儿童青少年养成健康的生活方式提供依据。 方法 于2012年采用分层整群抽样方法,在上海市、广东省、湖南省、重庆市、宁夏回族自治区、天津市和辽宁省7个省市中共抽取93所学校,对抽中学校班级的学生及家长进行问卷调查,分析父母视屏时间结合限制儿童视屏时间的行为对学生视屏时间的影响。 结果 共37 984名6~17岁儿童青少年纳入调查,平均年龄为(10.7±3.2)岁,其中有8 543人(22.5%)视屏时间超过2 h。单因素分析显示父母不限制儿童视屏时间和父母视屏时间超过2 h组的儿童视屏时间过长的风险分别比对照组增加了25%(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.09~1.43,P=0.002)和52%(OR=1.52,95%CI:1.44~1.60,P＜0.001);父母视屏时间超过2 h且不限制儿童屏幕使用的,其视屏时间超过2 h的风险是对照组的1.93倍(OR=1.93,95%CI:1.72~2.17,P＜0.001),调整了性别、城乡、年龄、父母文化程度等因素后和亚组分析显示相同的结果。 结论 父母控制视屏时间和限制儿童的视屏时间都能降低儿童视屏时间过长的风险,且二者同时作用时效果更明显。为了进一步减少儿童青少年因视屏时间过长而导致的肥胖等健康问题,家长不仅应对儿童的视屏时间做出限制,也需要控制自身的视屏时间不宜过长。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the combined influence of parental screen time and restrictive behaviors on screen time of children and adolescents,and to understand whether decreasing parental screen time combined with restrictive behaviors on screen time of children and adolescents will help control the screen time of children and adolescents within two hours more effectively,so as to provide reference for developing healthy lifestyle. Methods Students aged 6—17 years were selected from 93 schools in 7 provinces and cities in China,with a stratified cluster sampling method. Parental screen time,restrictive behaviors on children′s screen time and children′s screen time were measured by structured questionnaires. A multivariable Logistic regression model was used to analyze the combined influence of parental screen time and restrictive behaviors on screen time of children and adolescents. Results A total of 37 984 students were enrolled into this study with an average age of (10.7±3.2) years old. There were 8 543 students(22.5%) whose daily screen time exceeded 2 hours.Compared with control group,the odds ratio of children′s screen time ＞2 h/d in the group without parental restriction on screen time and parental screen time ＞2 h/d group were 1.25(95%CI: 1.09—1.43,P=0.002) and 1.52(95%CI: 1.44—1.60,P<0.001),respectively. And the odds ratio of children′s screen time ＞2 h/d in the group of parental screen time＞2 h/d without restrictive behaviors on children was 1.93 times higher than that in control group(95%CI: 1.72—2.17,P<0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors such as gender,residence place,age and parental education level with stratified analysis,there was also a consistent result with the overall. Conclusions Parental screen time ＜2 h/d and restrictive behaviors on screen time of children and adolescents are both the protective factors of controlling children′s screen time,and there is a combined influence of the two factors. In order to further reduce the obesity and other health problems of children and adolescents caused by too long screen time,parents should not only limit the children′s screen time,but also need to control their own screen time.
关键词
视屏时间 /
限制行为 /
联合作用 /
儿童青少年
Key words
screen time /
restrictive behaviors /
combined influence /
children and adolescents
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参考文献
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基金
国家自然科学基金(81903344);博士后科学基金(BX20200019;2020M680266)
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