目的 通过检测支气管哮喘患儿血清中微小RNA-155(miR-155)、干扰素诱导蛋白-10(IP-10)的表达水平,分析二者与患儿预后之间的关系,为临床诊治提供参考依据。方法 选取2018年1月-2019年3月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院就医的72例支气管哮喘患儿为研究对象,同期选取在本院体检中心健康体检儿童75例为对照组。实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)法检测miR-155表达水平;酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测血清IP-10、白介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的水平;Pearson法分析血清miR-155、IP-10之间的相关性及二者与IL-6、TNF-α之间的相关性;对支气管哮喘患儿治疗后1年内进行随访,记录患儿哮喘发作次数、平均住院次数、平均住院时间、呼气峰值流量(PEFF)情况,分析miR-155、IP-10表达水平与患儿预后之间的关系。结果 与对照组相比,支气管哮喘患儿血清miR-155表达水平显著降低(t=13.852,P<0.05),IP-10、IL-6、TNF-α表达水平显著升高(t=7.317、10.170、13.772,P<0.05);Pearson相关分析结果表明,支气管哮喘患儿血清miR-155表达水平与炎症细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α呈负相关(r=-0.489、-0.579,P<0.05),IP-10表达水平与IL-6、TNF-α呈正相关(r=0.546、0.599,P<0.05);支气管哮喘患儿血清miR-155、IP-10表达水平呈负相关(r=-0.512,P<0.05);血清miR-155高表达支气管哮喘患儿一年内发作次数、住院次数、住院时间显著低于miR-155低表达患儿,PEF显著高于低表达患儿(t=8.442、8.933、10.413、10.204,P<0.05),血清IP-10高表达支气管哮喘患儿上述指标显著高于IP-10低表达患儿,PEF显著低于低表达患儿(t=7.272、7.189、11.589、9.789,P<0.05)。结论 miR-155、IP-10可能与支气管哮喘的气道性炎症有关,可能参与其发病和预后,具体机制有待进一步研究。

Objective To test the expression levels of serum microRNA-155(miR-155) and interferon-γ inducible protein 10(IP-10) in children with bronchial asthma, and to analyze their correlation with prognosis of children, in order to provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods A total of 72 children with bronchial asthma who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical from January 2018 to March 2019 were selected as the study subjects, and 75 healthy children who took physical examination were selected into the control group.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of serum miR-155, the levels of serum IP-10, interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation among miR-155, IP-10, IL-6 and TNF-α.Children with bronchial asthma were followed up within one year after treatment, the number of asthma attacks, average hospitalization times, average hospitalization time and peak expiration flow(PEE) were recorded, and the relationship between the expressions of miR-155 and IP-10 and the prognosis of children was analyzed. Results Compared with those in control group, the expression level of serum miR-155 in children with bronchial asthma was significantly lower (t=13.852, P<0.05), while the expression levels of IP-10, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher in children with bronchial asthma (t=7.317, 10.170, 13.772, P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the expression level of serum miR-155 was negatively correlated with IL-6 and TNF-α (r=-0.489,-0.579, P<0.05), the expression level of IP-10 was positively related to IL-6 and TNF-α (r=0.546, 0.599, P<0.05), and serum miR-155 level was negatively correlated with IP-10 level (r=-0.512, P<0.05).The attack times, hospitalization times, hospitalization duration in children with high expression of serum miR-155 within one year were significantly lower than low expression of serum miR-155, and PEE was significantly higher in high expression group of serum miR-155 (t=8.442, 8.933, 10.413, 10.204, P<0.05).While the levels of the above indicators except PEE in children with high expression of serum IP-10 were significantly higher than low expression of serum IP-10, and PEE was significantly lower in high expression group of serum IP-10 (t=7.272, 7.189, 11.589, 9.789, P<0.05). Conclusion miR-155 and IP-10 may be related to airway inflammation in asthma, which are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis and prognosis of bronchial asthma, and the specific mechanism needs be further studied.