[1] American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders[M].5th ed.Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association,2013.
[2] Kaur M,Srinivasan SM, Bhat AN. Comparing motor performance,praxis,coordination,and interpersonal synchrony between children with and without autism spectrum disorder(ASD)[J].Res Dev Disabil,2018,72:79-95.
[3] Tick B,Bolton P,Happe F,et al.Heritability of autism spectrum disorders:A meta-analysis of twin studies[J].J Child Psychol Psychiatry,2016,57(5):585-595.
[4] Lichtenstein P,Carlstrom E,Rastam M,et al.The genetics of autism spectrum disorders and related neuropsychiatric disorders in childhood[J].Am J Psychiatry,2010,167(11):1357-63.
[5] Levy D,Ronemus M,Yamrom B,et al.Rare de novo and transmitted copy-number variation in autistic spectrum disorders[J].Neuron,2011,70(5):886-97.
[6] Buja A,Volfovsky N,Krieger AM,et al.Damaging de novo mutations diminish motor skills in children on the autism spectrum[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2018,115(8):e1859-e1866.
[7] Ye K,Iossifov I,Levy D,et al.Measuring shared variants in cohorts of discordant siblings with applications to autism[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2017,114(27):7073-7076.
[8] Bishop SL,Farmer C,Bal V,et al.Identification of developmental and behavioral markers associated with genetic abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder[J].Am J Psychiatry,2017,174(6):576-585.
[9] Lebarton ES,Landa RJ. Infant motor skill predicts later expressive language and autism spectrum disorder diagnosis[J].Infant Behav Dev,2019,54:37-47.
[10] Choi B,Leech KA,Tager-Flusberg H,et al.Development of fine motor skills is associated with expressive language outcomes in infants at high and low risk for autism spectrum disorder[J].J Neurodev Disord,2018,10(1):14.
[11] Focaroli V,Taffoni F,Parsons SM,et al.Performance of motor sequences in children at heightened vs. low risk for ASD:A longitudinal study from 18 to 36 months of age[J].Front Psychol,2016,7: 724.
[12] Hilton CL,Zhang Y,Whilte MR,et al.Motor impairment in sibling pairs concordant and discordant for autism spectrum disorders[J].Autism,2012,16(4):430-441.
[13] Travers BG,Powell PS,Klinger LG,et al.Motor difficulties in autism spectrum disorder: linking symptom severity and postural stability[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2013,43(7):1568-1583.
[14] May T,Mcginley J,Murphy A,et al.A multidisciplinary perspective on motor impairment as an early behavioural marker in children with autism spectrum disorder[J].Aust Psychol,2016,51(4):296-303.
[15] Paquet A,Olliac B,Golse B,et al.Nature of motor impairments in autism spectrum disorder: A comparison with developmental coordination disorder[J].J Clin Exp Neuropsychol,2019,41(1):1-14.
[16] Fournier KA,Hass CJ,Naik SK,et al.Motor coordination in autism spectrum disorders:A synthesis and meta-analysis[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2010,40(10):1227-1240.
[17] Grace N,Enticott P G,Johnson B P,et al.Do Handwriting difficulties correlate with core symptomology,motor proficiency and attentional behaviours?[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2017,47(4):1006-1017.
[18] Lane A,Harpster K,Heathcock J. Motor characteristics of young children referred for possible autism spectrum disorder[J].Pediatr Phys Ther,2012,24(1):21-29.
[19] Fulceri F,Contaldo A,Parrinii I,et al.Locomotion and grasping impairment in preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder[J].Clin Neuropsychiatry,2015,12(4):94-100.
[20] Graham SA,Abbott AE,Nair A,et al.The influence of task difficulty and participant age on balance control in ASD[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2015,45(5):1419-1427.
[21] Kostrubiec V,Huys R,Jas B,et al.Age-dependent relationship between socio-adaptability and motor coordination in high functioning children with autism spectrum disorder[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2017,48(1):209-224.
[22] Taffoni F,Focaroli V,Keller F,et al.Motor performance in a shape sorter task: A longitudinal study from 14 to 36 months of age in children with an older sibling ASD[J].PLoS One,2019,14(5):e0217416.
[23] Li HH,Wang CX,Feng JY,et al.A developmental profile of children with autism spectrum disorder in China using the Griffiths Mental Development Scales[J].Front Psychol,2020,11: 570923.
[24] Libertus K,Violi DA. Sit to talk: relation between motor skills and language development in infancy[J].Front Psychol,2016,7:475.
[25] He M,Walle EA,Campos JJ. A cross-national investigation of the relationship between infant walking and language development[J].Infancy,2015,20(3):283-305.
[26] Purpura G,Fulceri F,Puglisi V,et al.Motor coordination impairment in children with autism spectrum disorder:A pilot study using Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 Checklist[J].Minerva Pediatr,2020,72(1):22-29.
[27] Uljarevic M,Hedley D,Alvares GA,et al.Relationship between early motor milestones and severity of restricted and repetitive behaviors in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder[J].Autism Res,2017,10(6):1163-1168.
[28] Fulceri F,Grossi E,Contaldo A,et al.Motor skills as moderators of core symptoms in autism spectrum disorders: preliminary data from an exploratory analysis with artificial neural networks[J].Front Psychol,2018,9:2683.
[29] Iverson JM,Shic F,Wall CA,et al.Early motor abilities in infants at heightened versus low risk for ASD: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium(BSRC) study[J].J Abnorm Psychol,2019,128(1):69-80.
[30] Lebarton ES,Iverson JM. Associations between gross motor and communicative development in at-risk infants[J].Infant Behav Dev,2016,44:59-67.
[31] Colombo-Dougovito AM,Reeve RE. Exploring the interaction of motor and social skills with autism severity using the SFARI dataset[J].Percept Mot Skills,2017,124(2):413-424.
[32] Craig F,Lorenzo A,Lucarelli E,et al.Motor competency and social communication skills in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder[J].Autism Res,2018,11(6):893-902.
[33] Lord C,Elsabbagh M,Baird G,et al.Autism spectrum disorder[J].Lancet,2018,392(10146):508-520.
[34] Green D,Charman T,Pickles A,et al.Impairment in movement skills of children with autistic spectrum disorders[J].Dev Med Child Neurol,2009,51(4):311-316.
[35] Will EA,Bishop SL,Roberts JE. Developmental divergence:Motor trajectories in children with fragile X syndrome with and without co-occurring autism[J].J Neurodev Disord,2019,11(1):23.
[36] Barger BD,Campbell JM,Mcdonough JD. Prevalence and onset of regression within autism spectrum disorders: a meta-analytic review[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2013,43(4):817-828.
[37] Manelis L,Meiri G,Ilan M,et al.Language regression is associated with faster early motor development in children with autism spectrum disorder[J].Autism Res,2020,13(1):145-156.
[38] Bedford R,Pickles A,Lord C. Early gross motor skills predict the subsequent development of language in children with autism spectrum disorder[J].Autism Res,2016,9(9):993-1001.
[39] Miodovnik A,Harstad E,Sideridis G,et al.Timing of the diagnosis of attention-deficit/Hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder[J].Pediatrics,2015,136(4):e830-e837.
[40] Visser JC,Rommelse NN,Greven CU,et al.Autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in early childhood: a review of unique and shared characteristics and developmental antecedents[J].Neurosci Biobehav Rev,2016,65:229-263.
[41] Scandurra V,Emberti Gialloreti L,Barbanera F,et al.Neurodevelopmental disorders and adaptive functions: a study of children with autism spectrum disorders(ASD) and/or attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)[J].Front Psychiatry,2019,10: 673.
[42] Bremer E,Crozier M,Lloyd M. A systematic review of the behavioural outcomes following exercise interventions for children and youth with autism spectrum disorder[J].Autism,2016,20(8):899-915.
[43] Arzoglou D,Tsimaras V,Kotsikas G,et al.The effect of α tradinional dance training program on neuromuscula coordination of individuals with autism[J].JPES,2013,13(4):563-569.
[44] Kaur M,Bhat A. Creative yoga intervention improves motor and imitation skills of Children with autism spectrum disorder[J].Phys Ther,2019,99(11):1520-1534.
[45] Sarabzadeh M,Azari BB,Helalizadeh M. The effect of six weeks of Tai Chi Chuan training on the motor skills of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder[J].J Bodyw Mov Ther,2019,23(2):284-290.
[46] Geretsegger M,Elefant C,Mossler KA,et al.Music therapy for people with autism spectrum disorder[J].Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2014,6:CD004381.
[47] Soleyman A,Abbas Ali H,Fahimen A,et al.The effects of aquatic versus kata techniques training on static and dynamic balance in children with autism spectrum disorder[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2021,51(9):3180-3186.
[48] Schreibman L,Dawson G,Stahmer AC,et al.Naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions: Empirically Validated Treatments for Autism Spectrum Disorder[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2015,45(8):2411-2428.
[49] Fung LK,Mahajan R,Nozzolillo A,et al.Pharmacologic treatment of severe irritability and problem behaviors in autism: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Pediatrics,2016,137(Suppl 2):124-135.
[50] Mostert-Kerckhoffs MAL,Willems AE,Tenback DE,et al.Motor disturbance in ASD:A pilot study showing hypokinetic behavior?[J].J Autism Dev Disord,2020,50(2):415-428.