目的 分析北京市3~6岁幼儿国民体质评价与儿童协调障碍指标之间的关联性,为托幼机构进一步开展发育性协调障碍筛查工作提供相应的理论依据。方法 2019年3-4月选取北京市3所幼儿园3~6岁共计253名幼儿为研究对象,采用《儿童运动协调能力评估量表第二版》对幼儿发育性协调障碍(以下简称DCD)患病情况进行评估;以《国民体质测定标准手册》幼儿部分为标准,对幼儿身体素质进行评价;采用多元线性回归对儿童的身体素质与发育性协调障碍之间的关联性进行研究。结果 3～6岁幼儿身体素质评价中的部分指标与发育性协调障碍的患病率之间具有一定的关联性(P<0.05)。DCD患儿身体素质总分低于非DCD患儿。对于3~6岁儿童,身体素质指标中双脚持续跳跃和网球掷远项目评分越高,DCD的发生风险越低(OR=0.501, 0.507, P＜0.05)。结论 3～6岁儿童的身体素质成绩与协调性发育障碍发生存在一定的关联,身体素质测试对发育性协调障碍儿童的筛查可能会起到一定的辅助作用,后续还需继续增加样本开展深入研究。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the correlation between the national physique evaluation and the indicators of children's coordination disorder in 3- to 6-year-old children in Beijing, so as to provide theoretical basis for further screening of developmental coordination disorders(DCD) in nurseries and kindergartens. Methods From March to April 2019, 253 children aged 3 to 6 years in three kindergartens in Beijing were selected into this study.The Children's Motor Coordination Ability Assessment Scale (Second Edition) (MABC-2) was used to evaluate the prevalence of children's DCD.Children's physical fitness was evaluated by using the early childhood section of the National Physical Fitness Measurement Standards Manual as the standard.Multiple linear regression method was used to analyze the relationship between children's physical fitness and DCD. Results Some indexes in the evaluation of 3- to 6-year-old children's physical fitness had certain correlation with the prevalence of DCD (P<0.05).The total score on physical fitness of DCD children was lower than that of non DCD children.For 3-to 6-year-old children, the risk of DCD decreased when the items of jumping on both feet and the tennis throw scored higher(OR=0.501, 0.507, P＜0.05). Conclusions There is a correlation between physical fitness scores and DCD in children aged 3—6 years.Physical fitness tests may play a supplementary role in screening children with DCD, and further studies with larger samples are warranted.
关键词
学龄前儿童 /
身体素质 /
发育性协调障碍
Key words
preschool children /
physical fitness /
developmental coordination disorder
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基金
国家体育总局科学研究所基本科研业务费课题(基本20-04)
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