目的 研究发展性阅读障碍(DD)儿童的行为特点和家长情绪状况及其相关性,为多方位干预提供科学依据。方法 2019年8—11月从青岛大学附属医院儿童保健科门诊就诊的儿童中招募诊断为DD的儿童45名作为病例组,同期按性别、年龄、年级匹配正常儿童50名作为对照组,由主要抚养人填写自编社会人口学量表、儿童汉语阅读障碍量表(DCCC)、儿童学习障碍筛查量表(PRS)、儿童行为量表(CBCL)、症状自评量表90项(SCL-90),采用SPSS22.0软件对数据进行统计描述和分析。结果 病例组CBCL量表总分高于对照组(47.58±33.66 vs.20.98±16.94),差异有统计学意义(t=4.784,P<0.001),除交往不良(男)/性问题(女)因子外,各因子得分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为3.239、3.409、2.706、3.053、6.168、4.850、4.560、4.728,P<0.01);病例组各因子阳性率均高于对照组,抑郁、社交退缩、多动、攻击性、强迫性(男)/残忍(女)因子的差异均有统计学意义(χ²=7.034,7.385,7.034,9.460,17.463,P<0.01)。病例组家长SCL-90量表总分高于对照组(139.28±37.80 vs.111.92±27.18),差异有统计学意义(t=4.012,P<0.001);各因子得分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=3.335、4.167、3.913、3.724、3.188、4.328、3.818、3.363、3.454,P<0.01);病例组各因子阳性率均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(χ²=10.791、17.625、12.868、9.490、18.727、9.886、13.282、15.097、15.097,P<0.01)。DCCC量表总分及各分量表分值与CBCL、SCL-90各因子之间均呈正相关,其中相关性较大(r>0.5)且具有统计学意义的为:DCCC量表总分与攻击性、DCCC量表总分与违纪、意义理解障碍与攻击性、意义理解障碍与违纪、书面表达障碍与攻击性、书面表达障碍与违纪(r=0.522、0.500、0.515、0.506、0.558、0.528,P<0.01)。结论 DD儿童更容易产生自身行为问题,家长情绪问题更多见,因此在对DD儿童学习技能训练的同时,还应给予儿童行为干预,并给予家长心理支持,以期更大程度地促进儿童身心健康。

Objective To study the behavioral characteristics and parents' emotional state of children with developmental dyslexia (DD),and to analyze the correlation between them,so as to provide scientific basis for multidirectional intervention.Methods A total of 45 children diagnosed with DD were recruited as case group in Department of Child Health,the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,from August and November 2019.Meanwhile,50 normal children matched by gender,age and grade were selected as control group.The caregivers were asked to fill in the self-designed social demographic scale,Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children (DCCC),Pupil Rating Scale (PRS),Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Symptom Self-evaluation Scale (SCL-90).SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to describe and analyze the data.Results The total score of CBCL scale in case group was significantly higher than that in control group (47.58±33.66 vs.20.98±16.94,t=4.784,P<0.001).Except for bad communication (male)/sexual problem (female),the scores of other factors of CBCL in case group were significantly higher than those in control group (t=3.239,3.409,2.706,3.053,6.168,4.850,4.560,4.728,P<0.01).The positive rate of each factor in case group was higher than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant in factors of depression,social withdrawal,hyperactivity,aggressivity,and compulsivity(male)/ brutality(female)(χ²=7.034,7.385,7.034,9.460,17.463,P<0.01).The total score of SCL-90 scale in case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (139.28±37.80 vs.111.92±27.18,t=4.012,P<0.001),so was it in other factors of SCL-90 scale (t=3.335,4.167,3.913,3.724,3.188,4.328,3.818,3.363,3.454,P<0.01).And the positive rate of each factor in case group was higher than that in control group (χ²=10.791,17.625,12.868,9.490,18.727,9.886,13.282,15.097,15.097,P<0.01).The total score of the DCCC scale and the score of each subscale were positively correlated with each factor in CBCL and SCL-90.The significantly close correlations included the correlation between the total score of DCCC and aggressivity,the total score of DCCC and discipline violation,meaning understanding disorder and aggression,meaning understanding disorder and discipline violation, written expression disorder and aggressiveness,written expression disorder and discipline violation(r=0.522,0.500,0.515,0.506,0.558,0.528,P＜0.01).Conclusions Children with DD are more likely to develop behavioral problems and their parents' emotional problems are more common.Therefore,children with developmental dyslexia should be given behavioral intervention while learning skills training.At the same time,it is suggested to provide parents with psychological support to enhance the physical and mental health of children.