目的 探讨北京市6~35月龄流动儿童营养性贫血现况及其与维生素A关联分析,为有效地预防流动儿童营养性贫血提供科学依据。方法 采用方便整群抽样方法,2017年从北京市流动人口聚居区(朝阳、海淀、昌平)的308例6~35月龄的流动儿童及家长进行问卷调查,同时采集流动儿童末梢血进行血红蛋白、维生素A测定。结果 6~35月龄流动儿童贫血患病率为27.92%,其中男童为29.19%,女童为26.53%。贫血患病率在不同年龄组和区域间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),6~11月龄婴幼儿贫血患病率最高(52.63%)。食用配方奶、瘦肉与动物肝脏类食物对儿童贫血有显著影响(P<0.05或<0.01)。贫血儿童维生素A的含量显著低于非贫血儿童(P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析显示居住地区、年龄、维生素A含量是6~35月龄流动儿童营养性贫血的影响因素(P<0.05或<0.01)。结论 北京市6～35月龄流动儿童的营养性贫血患病率较高,尤其6～11 月龄儿童最高,VA含量在贫血儿童体内较低,应加强对流动儿童家长普及科学喂养知识,指导其合理调整膳食结构。
Abstract
Objective To explore the status and the influencing factors of nutritional anemia and its association with vitamin A (VA) in migrant children aged 6 to 35 months in Beijing, in order to provide a scientific basis for the effective preventive measures for nutritional anemia in migrant children. Methods By using the convenient cluster sampling method, a cross-sectional survey on 308 children aged 6 to 35 months was conducted in 2017 from the migrant population settlement areas of Chaoyang, Haidian and Changping District in Beijing. Hemoglobin and VA levels were measured. Results The prevalence rate of anemia was 27.92% among migrant children aged 6 to 35 months in Beijing, with 29.19% in boys and 26.53% in girls. There were statistically significant differences among children at different age groups and different regions (P<0.001). And the prevalence rate of anemia was found highest in infants aged 6 to 11 months (52.63%). Children who had formula milk, lean meat, animal liver food had lower risk for anemia significantly (P＜0.05 or <0.01). VA level in children with anemia was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the residence area, age and VA level were the influencing factors of nutritional anemia(P<0.05 or <0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of nutritional anemia is high among the migrant children aged 6 to 35 months in Beijing, especially in infants aged 6 to 11 months. Children with anemia have significantly lower levels of VA. It is suggested to strengthen the popularization of scientific feeding knowledge and to adjust the dietary structure reasonably among parents of migrant children.
关键词
流动儿童 /
营养性贫血 /
维生素A
Key words
migrant children /
nutritional anemia /
vitamin A
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基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(81501838);北京市医院管理中心儿科学科协同发展中心专项经费资助(XTZD20180402);北京市属医学科研院所公益发展改革试点项目(京医研2019-11)
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