目的 分析癫痫患儿中注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的临床特点,评估癫痫患儿共患ADHD的患病情况及危险因素,为临床干预治疗提供科学依据。方法 2018年1月1日-12月31日收集西安交通大学第二附属医院小儿内科神经专业住院部依据国际癫痫联盟规定诊断的120例6～15岁癫痫患儿,采用《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第5版(DSM-5)检测其中共患ADHD的患儿,分析癫痫患儿共患ADHD的临床特点。结果 120例癫痫患儿中23例合并有ADHD(19.2%),且以注意缺陷为主(65.2%)。性别、起病年龄、患病时间及多种抗癫痫药物联用在共患ADHD中发挥重要作用(χ2＝4.90、7.42、7.75、5.23,P＜0.05),而癫痫发作形式及脑电图放电起始部位在共患ADHD中无明显作用(P＞0.05)。结论 癫痫患儿中ADHD的检出率高,与癫痫患儿的性别、首次发作年龄、病程及抗癫痫药物的联合应用密切相关,应引起临床重视。
Abstract
Objective To describe the clinical characteristics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children,and to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for comorbidity of epilepsy and ADHD,in order to provide scientific reference for clinical intervention and treatment.Methods A total of 120 children aged 6 to 15 years,who were admitted to the Department of Pediatric Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2018 to December 2018 and were diagnosed with epilepsy according to National Anti-epilepsy Alliance Criteria,were enrolled in this study.ADHD was detected in children with epilepsy using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5(DSM-5),and the clinical characteristics of ADHD with epilepsy were analyzed.Results Totally 23(19.2%) of 120 children with epilepsy were diagnosed with ADHD,most of which were inattentive type (65.2%).Gender,the initial onset age,course of disease and multiple antiepileptic drugs were closely related to the comorbidity of ADHD(χ2=4.90,7.42,7.75,5.23,P＜0.05),while the type of seizures and the origin of the electroencephalogram discharge had no effect on the prevalence of ADHD with epilepsy.Conclusion ADHD occurs frequently in children with epilepsy,and gender,the onset age of epilepsy,the course of disease as well as the combined application of antiepileptic drugs were closely associated with the prevalence of ADHD in children with epilepsy,which should be paid more attention in clinical practice.
关键词
癫痫 /
儿童 /
注意缺陷多动障碍 /
共患病
Key words
epilepsy /
children /
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder /
comorbidity
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基金
陕西省软科学研究计划项目(2020KRM060)
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