目的 了解凉山州贫困地区4个重点贫困县6~24月龄婴幼儿营养状况和家长喂养行为,为开展儿童营养与健康干预促进工作提供依据。方法 2018年4-7月采用多阶段随机抽样法,抽取4个重点县1 244名6~24月龄婴幼儿进行体格测量、血红蛋白含量检测和家长问卷调查。结果 凉山州4个重点县6~24月龄婴幼儿贫血患病率为51.9%,低体重率为9.5%,生长迟缓率为25.6%。多因素分析显示,婴幼儿性别、月龄、母亲学历、母亲职业、是否认为满3个月就可以添加辅食、是否知道谷类泥糊状食物是最适合首先添加的辅食、是否知道动物血或红肉是婴幼儿补铁的最好来源、是否知道贫血与铁缺乏有关、是否吃过母乳、6月龄后是否继续母乳喂养是影响婴幼儿营养状况的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论 凉山州贫困地区6~24月龄婴幼儿营养状况亟待改善,婴幼儿看护人喂养知识不足。应加强宣传教育,提高家长的育儿素养,掌握营养包的有效服用方法,纠正不正确的的喂养方式。
Abstract
Objective To understand the status of nutrition and feeding practices among children aged 6 to 24 months in four poorest counties in Liangshan prefecture,so as to provide evidence for developing interventions targeted on the promotion of child nutrition and health. Methods From April to July 2018,1 244 children aged 6 to 24 months in four poorest counties were selected by multi-stage random sampling for physical measurement,hemoglobin (Hb) test and caregiver interview. Results The prevalence rates of anemia,underweight and stunting were 51.9%,9.5% and 25.6%,respectively.Multifactor analysis results showed that child's gender,age,mother's education background,mother's occupation,whether the caregiver thinks "complementary feeding should be started at 3 months of age","cereal puree is the most suitable complementary food to add first","animal blood and red meat are the iron-rich foods" and "anemia is related to iron deficiency",whether the child has been breastfed,whether the child has been breastfed continuously after 6 months of age were the main factors associated with the nutritional status of children. Conclusions The nutrition of children aged 6 to 24 months in four poorest areas in Liangshan prefecture need to be improved urgently.Health promotion and education should be strengthened in order to improve caregivers' knowledge of child feeding,thereby promoting the benefit of Yingyangbao and correct inappropriate feeding practices.
关键词
婴幼儿 /
营养不良 /
贫血 /
母乳喂养 /
贫困地区
Key words
children /
malnutrition /
anemia /
breastfeeding /
poor rural areas
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基金
科技部基础资源调查专项(SQ2016FY021000304);盖茨基金会儿童营养与健康项目(OPP1178033)
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