2019年12月以来,我国各地陆续发生新型冠状病毒肺炎(HCP)疫情。经国务院批准,国家卫生健康委于2020年1月20日决定将NCP纳入法定传染病乙类管理,采取甲类传染病的预防、控制措施。各地陆续采取病人隔离治疗、密切接触者隔离医学观察等系列防控措施。由于接种门诊可能导致人群聚集、增加病毒传播和感染的风险,儿童及其监护人存在隔离观察、隔离治疗的情况,都可能会导致儿童疫苗延迟接种。监护人和基层专业技术人员对于延迟接种的安全性、有效性及优先接种哪些疫苗的问题亟待释疑。近期中华预防医学会儿童保健分会组织专家,通过检索国内外大量文献,分析延迟接种对各种疫苗安全性和有效性的影响,希望尽可能减少儿童监护人和一线工作者对于延迟接种效果的困惑,为之后的疫苗补种提供科学依据和技术建议。
Abstract
Since December 2019,an outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumia (NCP) has spread across China successively.Approved by the State Council,the National Health Commission of the People′s Republic of China has classified it into category-B infectious diseases in the list of the People′s Republic of China on the prevention and control of infectious diseases,and has regarded it as category-A infectious diseases in terms of the prevention and control measures on January 20th,2020.Successive series of prevention and control measures was conducted such as isolating patients and medical observation of their close contacts.The gathering of vaccination units may increase the risk of spread and infection of the NCP,so that children and their guardians are placed under home quarantine,which will results in delayed vaccination.Children′s guardians and health care staff in primary health care institutes are in great need of knowing the immunogenicity and safety of delayed vaccination and the priority of vaccination after recovery of outpatient service.On the basis of the literature review of guidelines and a large number of literature at home and abroad,experts of Group for Disease Prevention and Vaccination,Society of Child Health,Chinese Preventive Medicine Association analyzed the influence of all kinds of different inoculum time and procedures on the safety and immunogenicity of vaccination,hoping to provide scientific evidence and professional advice in time the and eliminate anxiety panic of child guardians and confusion of vaccination workers on the front line concurrently.
关键词
免疫规划疫苗 /
延迟接种 /
安全性 /
有效性 /
儿童
Key words
netional immunization program vaccines /
delayed vaccination /
safety /
efficacy /
children
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