目的 利用青少年体重控制行为量表对兰州市高一新生体重控制行为采用状况进行调查,并考察其与学生真实和感知到的体重状态之间的关联,为制定科学的预防和干预方案提供依据。方法 2018年9月在兰州市抽取1 038名高一新生,对其测查青少年体重控制行为量表及感知到体重状态。回收有效数据1 026份,计算健康体重控制行为和不健康体重控制行为的采用率和平均分。结果 参与调查的高一新生中有364名(76.15%)女生和387名(70.62%)男生采用体重控制行为;男女生采用最频繁的两种健康体重控制行为是 “做运动”[男生416例(75.91%),女生318例(66.53%)]和“多吃水果和蔬菜”[(男生412例(75.18%),女生395例(83.51%)];采用最频繁的两种不健康体重控制行为是“减少吃饭的顿数”[(男生93例(16.97%)],女生82例(17.15%)]和“不吃肉”[(男生37例(6.75%),女生77例(16.11%)]。实际超重的男女生比例分别为21.63%和9.79%。与之形成鲜明的对比,高达52.83%的女生自认为超重。自认为超重的被试比自认为不超重的被试更可能采用不健康体重控制行为(χ2=38.94,P<0.01)。结论 兰州地区高一新生体重控制行为的状况非常普遍,这和他们对于体重认知的偏差有关,需从心理层面进行预防和干预。
Abstract
Objective To examine the weight control behaviors among the first grade high school students in Lanzhou,and to further examine their association with real and perceived weight status,in order to provide reference for scientific prevention and intervention. Methods In September 2018,1 038 first year high school students filled in the Weight Control Behavior Scale for Youth and Adolescents and answered questions regarding their perceptual weight status. Finally 1 026 valid response were collected.Total scores and adoption rates of healthy and unhealthy weight control behaviors were calculated. Results Among 1 026 high school students,364(76.15%) girls and 387(70.63%) boys adopted weight control behaviors. The most frequently adopted healthy weight control behaviors were "doing exercise" [boys 416(75.91%),girls 318(66.53%)] and "eating more fruits and vegetables" [boys 412(75.18%),girls 395(83.51%)]. While the two most frequently adopted unhealthy weight control behaviors were "skipping meals" [boys 93(16.97%),girls 82 (17.15%)] and "eating no meat"[boys 37(6.75%),girls 79(16.53%)]. More boys (21.63%) were actually overweight than girls (9.79%). However,52.83% of girls perceived overweight. Moreover,students who perceived overweight were more likely to adopted unhealthy weight control behaviors (χ2=38.94,P<0.01). Conclusions Weight control behaviors are common among first year high school students,which are associated with their weight perceptual bias. Therefore,psychological prevention and interventions are needed.
关键词
青少年 /
高一新生 /
超重 /
感知到的超重 /
体重控制行为
Key words
adolescent /
first year high school students /
overweight /
perceived overweight /
weight control behaviors
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基金
中国科学院心理健康院重点实验室 (KLMH2014ZG09);中国科学院心理研究所(Y9CX411008)
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