目的 分析不同年龄段语言发育迟缓儿童的发育特征,为临床早期发现、综合干预提供科学依据。方法 2018年1月-2019年3月间用《S-S语言发育迟缓检查法》对652例1~3岁因语言发育落后就诊的患儿进行评估,根据不同年龄段分为四组,分析描述不同组儿童的发育特征。结果 1)随着年龄的增长,因语言问题就诊的儿童人数越来越多,>1.5~2.5岁为高峰期。其中男童明显多于女童(男526例,女126例),男女比例差异无统计学意义(χ2=6.217,P=0.102)。2)每组间交流态度异常比例(1~1.5岁组11.1%,>1.5~2组15.7%,>2~2.5岁组12.2%,>2.5~3岁组21.9%)差异无统计学意义(χ2=6.171,P=0.104)。动作性课题异常比例(1~1.5岁组26.7%,>1.5~2岁组46%,>2~2.5岁组68.1%,>2.5~3岁组78.1%)和语言理解异常儿童比例(1~1.5岁组66.7%,>1.5~2岁组82.8%,>2~2.5岁组93.9%,>2.5~3岁组99.0%)在四组间差异均有统计学意义(χ2=60.702,48.710,P<0.001)。3)随着年龄增大,动作性课题和语言理解能力异常比例逐渐增多,2岁前后差异最显著。结论 语言发育迟缓多发生于2岁左右的儿童中,且2岁以后除语言表达能力异常外更容易出现理解能力异常合并动作性能力异常。所以必须做好这一年龄段重点人群的早期筛查工作并尽早进行干预训练。
Abstract
Objective To explore the developmental characteristics of language developmental retardation children in different age groups, and to provide scientific basis for early detection and comprehensive intervention. Methods A total of 652 children aged 1-3 years who were admitted due to language development retardation were evaluated by S-S language retardation method from Janurary 2018 to March 2019.They were divided into four groups according to different age groups, and the developmental characteristics of children in different groups were analyzed and described. Results 1) With the growth of age, the number of children seeking medical treatment for language problems was increasing, and the peak age was >1.5-2.5 years old.Boys were significantly more than girls(male 526, female 126), and there was no difference between each of the two groups(P=0.102).2) Abnormal communication attitude in 1-1.5 years old group was 11.1%,>1.5-2 years old group was 15.7%,>2-2.5 years old group was 12.2%,>2.5-3 years old group was 21.9%.There was no statistical difference in the proportion of abnormal communication attitude between each group(χ2=6.171,P=0.104).Abnormal motor subject and abnormal language understanding in 1-1.5 years old group were 26.7% and 66.7%,>1.5-2 years old group were 46% and 82.8%,>2-2.5 years old group were 68.1% and 93.9%,>2.5-3 years old group were 78.1% and 99.0%.There was statistically significant differences among the four groups (P<0.001).3) As the age increases, the proportion of abnormal motor task and language comprehension ability increases gradually, and the most significant difference was around 2 years old. Conclusions Language retardation is most common in children around age 2, and is more likely to have comprehension abnormalities and other developmental problems after age 2.Therefore, it is necessary to do early screening and early intervention training for this age group.
关键词
S-S语言发育迟缓法 /
儿童 /
发育特征
Key words
S-S language developmental retardation method /
children /
developmental characteristics
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基金
浙江省自然科学基金青年基金(LQ19H260003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2019FZA7010)
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