目的 探讨超重肥胖青少年心理健康、社会支持与自杀意念的关系,为促进超重肥胖青少年心理健康发展,降低自杀意念检出率提供指导。方法 2018年3-5月选取潍坊市4 250名青少年,采用自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)、心理健康自评量表(K10)、社会支持量表(SSRS)进行调查。结果 青少年超重检出率为9.55%(406/4 250),肥胖检出率为6.94%(295/4 250);农村超重肥胖青少年心理健康得分显著高于城市青少年(P<0.001),城市超重肥胖青少年社会支持得分显著高于农村,超重肥胖青少年自杀意念得分农村显著高于城市(P<0.001);心理健康与自杀意念呈显著正相关(r=0.639,P<0.01),社会支持分别与心理健康、自杀意念呈显著负相关(r=-0.378和-0.449,P<0.01);心理健康与社会支持对超重肥胖青少年自杀意念有显著预测作用(β=0.278和-0.197,P<0.01;R²=0.459),且社会支持在心理健康与自杀意念之间起部分中介作用。结论 通过改善超重肥胖青少年的心理健康状况,提高其社会支持,从而降低超重肥胖青少年的自杀意念。

Objective To explore the relationship between mental health, social support and suicidal ideation among overweight and obese adolescents, and to provide guidance for promoting the mental health development of overweight and obese adolescents and reducing the detection rate of suicidal ideation. Methods From April to March 2018,4 250 adolescents in Weifang City were selected and investigated using the Suicide Self-Assessment Scale (SIOSS), the Mental Health Self-Assessment Scale (K10), and the Social Support Scale (SSRS). Results The overweight detection rate of adolescents was 9.55% (406/4 250), and the detection rate of obesity was 6.94% (295/4 250).The mental health scores of rural overweight and obese adolescents were significantly higher than those of urban adolescents(P<0.001).The social support scores of urban overweight and obese adolescents were significantly higher than those of urban adolescents(P<0.001).In rural areas, the scores of suicidal ideation among overweight and obese adolescents were significantly higher than those in urban areas; Mental health and suicidal ideation were significantly positively correlated(r=0.639, P<0.01), and social support was significantly negatively correlated with mental health and suicidal ideation (r=-0.378 and -0.449, P<0.01); Mental health and social support had significant predictive effects on suicidal ideation in overweight and obese adolescents (β=0.278 and -0.197, P<0.01; R²=0.459), and social support played a partial intermediary role between mental health and suicidal ideation. Conclusion By improving their mental health status and improving the social support of overweight and obese adolescents, the suicidal ideation of overweight and obese adolescents can be reduced.