目的 探索学龄前儿童饮食行为与幼教人员营养知信行的相关性,为早期干预学龄前儿童的饮食行为提供参考依据。方法 选取衡阳市1所公办幼儿园和1所民办幼儿园230名学龄前儿童,于2018年12月-2019年1月调查2所幼儿园幼儿的饮食行为及幼教人员的营养知信行。利用单因素方差分析、独立样本t检验和多元逐步回归分析探索儿童的饮食行为及其与幼教人员营养知信行的关系。结果 学龄前儿童饮食行为得分前三者为主动进食能力、挑食、不良进食习惯。不同年龄幼儿主动进食能力差异有统计学意义(F=5.394,P=0.001)。不良进食习惯(b=-0.866)、主动进食能力(b=1.262)分别与幼儿平均年龄呈负向、正向回归(P＜0.05);外因性进食(b=0.569)、情绪性进食(b=0.527)与幼教人员营养行为呈正向回归(P＜0.05);儿童饮食行为与幼教人员营养知信行呈正向回归(b=0.638,P＜0.05)。结论 学龄前儿童普遍存在饮食行为问题,幼教人员的营养知信行可影响幼儿的饮食行为,应积极开展幼教人员营养培训,建立“家园共育”长效监督反馈机制。
Abstract
Objective To explore the correlation between eating behaviors of preschoolers and nutrition-related knowledge,attitudes and practices of preschool educators,so as to provide reference for the early intervention on preschoolers′ eating behaviors. Methods Totally 230 preschoolers from a public kindergarten and a private kindergarten in Hengyang were selected to investigate the eating behaviors of preschoolers and nutrition-related knowledge,attitude,and practice of preschool educators from December 2018 to January 2019.One-way ANOVA,independent sample t-test and multivariate stepwise regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between preschoolers′ eating behaviors and nutrition-related knowledge,attitude,and practice of preschool educators. Results The top three eating behaviors of preschoolers were initiative eating behavior,food fussiness and unhealthy eating habits.There were significant differences on initiative eating behaviors among children of different ages (F=5.394,P＜0.05).Unhealthy eating habits(b=-0.866) and initiative eating behavior(b=1.262) showed negative and positive correlation with preschoolers′ average age in one class,respectively(P＜0.05).External eating(b=0.569) and emotional eating(b=0.527) were positively correlated with nutritional practices of preschool educators (b=0.638,P＜0.05).Preschoolers′ eating behaviors were positively correlated with nutrition-related knowledge,attitude,and practice of preschool educators (P＜0.05). Conclusions Eating behavior problems are common among preschoolers,which could be influenced by nutrition-related knowledge,attitude,and practice of preschool educators.Nutrition training should be conducted among preschool educators and the long-term supervision and feedback mechanism of"homes" education should be established.
关键词
学龄前儿童 /
饮食行为 /
幼教人员 /
营养知信行
Key words
preschooler /
eating behavior /
preschool educator /
nutrition-related knowledge attitude and practice
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基金
湖南省大学生研究性学习和创新性实验计划项目(330)
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