目的 了解广东省中山市7~18岁儿童青少年肥胖的发病率,探讨儿童期超重对青少年肥胖的影响。方法 于2005年对中山市一年级小学生体检测量身高、体重,连续随访10年(1次/年),共有2 188名中山市小学一年级到高中一年级学生作为回顾性队列研究对象。使用2018年颁布的《学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查》 (WS/T 586-2018) 评价超重及肥胖,并计算肥胖的检出率及发病率,采用χ2检验和log-binomial模型分析儿童期超重对青少年肥胖的影响。结果 小学一年级学生肥胖的检出率为4.89%,小学四年级时达到最高为6.99%,高中一年级时为4.43%。肥胖的发病率在小学二年级时最高为1.83%,高中一年级时降低到0.74%。小学一年级时超重的学生在高中一年级时肥胖累积发病率是小学一年级时正常体重学生的8.85倍(9年的累积发病率41.33% vs.4.67%,RR=8.85,95%CI:6.12~12.78)。结论 从小学一年级到高中一年级期间,儿童期肥胖发病率较高。儿童期超重明显增加青少年肥胖的风险。肥胖干预应该从儿童期开展,尤其应该重点关注超重的儿童。
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the incidence of obesity in children and adolescents aged 7 and 18 years in Zhongshan,and to explore the influence of overweight in early childhood on obesity in adolescents. Methods Data were from a retrospective cohort of 2 188 students from the first grade in primary school to the first grade in high school in Zhongshan.The weight and height of children in the first grade of primary school were measured in 2005 and were followed up annually for ten years.Overweight and obesity were defined using the standards of Screening for Overweight and Obesity among School-age Children and Adolescents (WS/T586-2018),the prevalence and incidence of obesity were calculated.χ2test and log-binomial model were used to analyze the impact of overweight in early childhood on obesity in adolescents. Results The detection rate of obesity in children of first grade was 4.89%,which reached to 6.99% in the fourth grade and 4.43% in the first grade at high school.The annual incidence of obesity decreased from 1.83% in the second grade in primary school to 0.74% in the first grade in high school.Overweight children in the first grade in primary school were 8.85 times as likely as normal-weight children to become obese in the first grade in high school (cumulative incidence for 9 years:41.33% vs.4.67%,RR=8.85,95%CI:6.12-12.78). Conclusion High incidence of obesity is more likely to occur in early childhood from the first grade in primary school to the first grade in high school.Overweight in early childhood obviously increased the risk of obesity in adolescents.Prevention of obesity should be implemented from the early life of children,especially in overweight children.
关键词
肥胖 /
发病率 /
儿童 /
青少年 /
队列
Key words
obesity /
incidence /
children /
adolescent /
cohort
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基金
国家重点研发计划项目资助(2016YFC1300204)
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