马辅助干预(EAI)是动物辅助干预(AAI)一个重要分支,是运动医学、康复医学、心理学的一个交叉领域。近年来国际上相关临床研究和实践显示,马辅助干预能够促进许多身心疾病及神经发育障碍患者的康复,改善患者神经运动平衡、认知、感觉统合、情绪与行为、社交沟通等机能。本文通过检索近年马辅助干预在儿童孤独症等神经发育障碍临床研究文献并进行系统分析,对EAI的发展历程、临床机制、质量控制及效果评价指标进行综述,为EAI在我国进一步标准化实践及循证研究提供科学依据。
Abstract
Equine-assisted interventions(EAI) is an important subdiscipline of animal-assisted intervention(AAI),which is an interdisciplinary field of sports medicine,rehabilitation medicine and psychology. Recently,many clinical studies and reports around the world have shown that EAI facilitates the rehabilitation of multiple psychosomatic diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders,such as promoting neuromotor equilibrium,cognition,sensory integration,emotions and behavior,social communication and so on. This review systematically analyzes development history,clinical mechanism,quality control and effect evaluation of EAI through searching the clinical research literatures about EAI application in autism spectrum disorders,so as to provide a scientific basis for standardization practice and evidence-based research of EAI in China.
关键词
马辅助干预 /
治疗性骑马 /
孤独症谱系障碍 /
神经发育障碍 /
脑性瘫
Key words
equine-assisted interventions /
therapeutic horseback riding /
autism spectrum disorder /
neurodevelopmental disorders /
cerebral palsy
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